Rig Veda 1.39.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 39, Mantra 5
Sukta 1.39
Rishi: Kaṇva
Devata: Maruts
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; needs scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्र वेपयन्ति पर्वतान्वि विञ्चन्ति वनस्पतीन् । प्रो आरत मरुतो दुर्मदा इव देवासः सर्वया विशा ॥
Transliteration
prá vepayanti párvatān ví viñcanti vanaspátīn | pró ārat maruto durmádā iva devā́saḥ sárvayā viśā́ ||
Translation
They make the mountains tremble; they tear apart the lords of the forest. Forward they rush, O Maruts, like gods intoxicated with power—moving through every clan of our nature.
Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
वेपयन्तिthey cause to tremble
वेपयन्ति:
Kriyā (of the subject Maruts) / Kartṛ-kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√विप्/√वेप् (to tremble; causative)
पर्वतान्mountains
पर्वतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत (prātipadika)
विapart, asunder, widely
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (upasarga)
वि॒ञ्चन्तिthey cleave/sunder
वि॒ञ्चन्ति:
Kriyā (of the subject Maruts) / Kartṛ-kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√विच् (to separate, to cleave, to tear apart)
वनस्पतीन्lords of the forest (trees)
वनस्पतीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवनस्पति (prātipadika)
प्रforth
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
आtowards, unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga)
रतmove forth / come on
रत:
Kriyā (addressed to Maruts)
TypeVerb
Root√ऋ/√अर् (to go, move; Vedic aorist/imperative-type form)
मरुतःO Maruts
मरुतः:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (prātipadika)
दुर्मदाःwildly exhilarated, hard to restrain
दुर्मदाः:
Kartā (of implied action/behavior) / Apposition to देवासः
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदुर्मद (prātipadika: dur- + mada)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
देवासःthe gods
देवासः:
Kartā (appositional with दुर्मदाः; subject of the simile) / also referent of Maruts
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (prātipadika)
सर्वयाwith all, wholly
सर्वया:
Karaṇa (means: ‘with all…’, ‘with the whole…’)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (prātipadika)
विशाwith the whole clan/people; with all the settlements
विशा:
Karaṇa (instrumental with सर्वया) / Adverbial-instrumental
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (prātipadika)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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