Varaha Purana 49.22: Adhyaya 49, Shloka 22

The Padmanābha Dvādaśī Observance, with the Eulogy of Lamp-Offering Merit

Devanagari script

गते वैश्ये भवन्तौथ दीपान् प्रज्वाल्य संस्थितौ । यावत् प्रभाता रजनी निशामेकां नरोत्तम ॥ ४९.२२ ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 49.22

Transliteration

gate vaiśye bhavantau tha dīpān prajvālya saṃsthitau | yāvat prabhātā rajanī niśām ekāṃ narottama || 49.22 ||

Translation

เมื่อไวศยะจากไปแล้ว ท่านทั้งสองก็ยังคงอยู่ที่นั่นหลังจากจุดประทีปแล้ว โอผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่มนุษย์ จนกระทั่งราตรีผ่านพ้นไปสู่รุ่งอรุณ—โดยการเฝ้ายามตลอดหนึ่งคืน

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Word by Word

• गते: when (he) had gone
• गते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle/कृदन्त), Locative singular (सप्तमी एकवचन), Masculine/Neuter; used as locative absolute (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष/सप्तमी-absolute)

• वैश्ये: in/when the vaiśya (merchant)
• वैश्ये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• भवन्तौ: you two (honorific)
• भवन्तौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); honorific 2nd-person pronoun-like form

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/connector (निपात)

• दीपान्: lamps
• दीपान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दीप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• प्रज्वाल्य: having lit
• प्रज्वाल्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र+ज्वल् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/ल्यप्), indeclinable gerund (अव्ययभाव)

• संस्थितौ: stood/remained
• संस्थितौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle/कृदन्त), Nominative dual (प्रथमा द्विवचन), Masculine

• यावत्: until
• यावत्: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत् (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb/conjunction of limit (अवधारणार्थक अव्यय)

• प्रभाता: dawn
• प्रभाता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• रजनी: night
• रजनी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• निशाम्: night (as duration)
• निशाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• एकाम्: one
• एकाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with निशाम्

• नरोत्तम: O best of men
• नरोत्तम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर+उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Varāha (default dialogue framework; speaker not explicit in this fragment)

Tags

• Purāṇic Literature
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Ritual Studies
• Sanskrit Philology

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a common Purāṇic motif of night-long observance (jāgaraṇa) accompanied by lamp-lighting, reflecting ritual and social practices embedded in narrative instruction.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific place-name occurs in this verse; the setting is implied by the surrounding narrative context of Adhyāya 49.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse foregrounds disciplined observance—staying attentive through the night—presented as a culturally valued practice of steadiness and intentional conduct.