HomeVaraha PuranaAdhyaya 13Shloka 10
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Varaha Purana 13.10: Adhyaya 13, Shloka 10

The Genealogy of the Pitṛs and the Determination of Śrāddha Times

गौरमुख उवाच । एते हि पितरो नाम प्रोच्यन्ते वेदवादिभिः । सर्ववर्णेषु सामान्याः उताहोस्मित् पृथक् पृथक् ॥ १३.१० ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 13.10

gauramukha uvāca | ete hi pitaro nāma procyante vedavādibhiḥ | sarvavarṇeṣu sāmānyā utāhosvit pṛthak pṛthak || 13.10 ||

โคระมุขะกล่าวว่า “บรรดาผู้แสดงพระเวทเรียกท่านเหล่านี้ว่า ‘ปิตฤ’ พวกท่านเป็นของร่วมกันแก่ทุกวรรณะ หรือแยกต่างหากตามแต่ละวรรณะกันแน่?”

gauramukhaḥGauramukha
gauramukhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgaura (प्रातिपदिक) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच्, धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (एतद्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (pl.)
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ
pitaraḥthe Pitṛs/ancestors
pitaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (पितृ, प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
nāmaby name / as
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), ‘called/namely’ अर्थे
procyanteare called/are proclaimed
procyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + √vac (वच्, धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन
veda-vādibhiḥby the expounders of the Veda
veda-vādibhiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootveda (प्रातिपदिक) + vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘vedasya vādinaḥ’
sarva-varṇeṣuin all varṇas/classes
sarva-varṇeṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + varṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘sarveṣu varṇeṣu’
sāmānyāḥcommon/shared
sāmānyāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāmānya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.) (pitaraḥ-विशेषण), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
utaor/and
uta:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuta (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/विकल्पार्थ-निपात (and/or)
ahoindeed?/or perhaps?
aho:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaho (अव्यय)
Formविस्मय/प्रश्नार्थ-निपात (exclamatory/interrogative particle)
asmitwhether (particle)
asmit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootasmi (अस्मि, धातु √as) + t (enclitic)
Formपाठभेद/सन्धि-भेद: ‘asvit’ (= ‘svid’ प्रश्ननिपात) अपेक्षित; प्रश्नार्थ-निपात (interrogative particle)
pṛthakseparately
pṛthak:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpṛthak (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), पृथक्त्वार्थ
pṛthakeach separately
pṛthak:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpṛthak (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), पुनरुक्ति (repetition for emphasis)

Gauramukha

C
Classical Literature
P
Purāṇic Studies
D
Dharmaśāstra Interface
V
Vaishnavism

FAQs

It reflects a common Purāṇic–Dharmaśāstra concern: how Vedic-derived categories (here, pitṛs/ancestors) are to be understood across social groupings, indicating an attempt to systematize ritual and lineage concepts within a broader normative framework.

No geographic location is named in this verse; it is a conceptual question about the classification of pitṛs across varṇas.

Rather than issuing a direct injunction, the verse frames an ethical-ritual inquiry: whether ancestral obligations and the concept of pitṛs apply universally across varṇas or differ by social grouping—an issue tied to equitable applicability and correct ritual understanding.

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