Atharva Veda 5.21.8: Kanda 5, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 8

Sukta 21

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यैरिन्द्रः॑ प्र॒क्रीड॑ते पद्घो॒षैश्छा॒यया॑ स॒ह। तैर॒मित्रा॑स्त्रसन्तु नो॒ऽमी ये यन्त्य॑नीक॒शः

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 5.21.8

IAST Transliteration

yáir índraḥ prakrī́ḍate padghṓṣaiś chāyáyā sahá | táir amítrās trasantu no ’mī́ yé yánty anīkáśaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

By those wherewith Indra sports—by the din of marching feet, together with his shadow—by those same let the foes tremble for us, those yonder who advance in ordered ranks.

Translation

ด้วยสิ่งทั้งหลายที่อินทราทรงสำราญ—ด้วยเสียงกึกก้องแห่งย่างเท้าเดินทัพ พร้อมทั้งเงาของพระองค์—ด้วยสิ่งนั้นเอง ขอให้ศัตรูของเราสั่นกลัว คือพวกที่โน้นซึ่งรุกมาเป็นกระบวนแถว.

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Word by Word

• यैः: by/with which (things)
• यैः: करण (सह/यैः = ‘with/by which’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रक्रीडते: plays/sports, disports
• प्रक्रीडते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √क्रीड् (क्रीड्) + प्र-

• पद्घोषैः: with foot-sounds/footsteps
• पद्घोषैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद्घोष (प्रातिपदिक; पद् ‘foot’ + घोष ‘sound’)

• छायया: with (his) shadow
• छायया: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: छाया (प्रातिपदिक)

• सह: together with
• सह: (सह-सम्बन्ध; करण-समर्थक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)

• तैः: with those (same)
• तैः: करण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → त-

• अमित्राः: enemies
• अमित्राः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• त्रसन्तु: let (them) tremble/be frightened
• त्रसन्तु: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √त्रस् (त्रस्) अथवा √त्रस (भय/कम्प)

• नः: for us / of us
• नः: सम्प्रदान (हितार्थ ‘for us’) / सम्बन्ध (gen.)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अमी: those (yonder)
• अमी: कर्तृ (अमित्राणां विशेषण/संदर्शन)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अदस् (सर्वनाम) → अमु-

• ये: who
• ये: कर्तृ (य-सम्बन्धी उपवाक्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम) → य-

• यन्ति: go/advance
• यन्ति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (या)

• अनीकशः: in troops/array-wise, in battle-formations
• अनीकशः: (क्रियाविशेषण; manner)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverb)
• Root: अनीकशस् (अव्ययीभाव/तद्धित; अनीक ‘front/army’ + -शस् ‘by, in groups’)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition

Devata: Indra (with the dundubhi as practical vehicle)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (approximate)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: raudra