Rig Veda 8.2.36: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 36
Sukta 8.2
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable given heroic cadence and segment lengths)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सनिता विप्रो अर्वद्भिर्हन्ता वृत्रं नृभिः शूरः । सत्योऽविता विधन्तम् ॥
Transliteration
sánitā vípro árvadbhir hántā vṛtráṃ nṛ́bhíḥ śū́raḥ | satyó ’vitā́ vidhántam ||
Translation
स सनीता विप्रः, अर्वद्भिः नृभिः शूरः, वृत्रं हन्ता—आवरणकर्तारं निहन्ति। स सत्योऽविता, विधन्तं—यज्ञविधानं सम्यक् स्थापयन्तं—पालयति।
Word by Word
सनि॑ताwinner, gainer
सनि॑ता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसनि- (प्रातिपदिक; from √सन् ‘to gain, win’)
विप्रःinspired sage, seer
विप्रः:
Kartā (apposition to सनिता)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्वद्भिःwith horses/steeds
अर्वद्भिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअर्वत्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘steed, horse’)
हन्ताslayer
हन्ता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Root√हन् (to strike, slay) → हन्तृ- (agent noun)
वृत्रम्Vṛtra (the obstructor)
वृत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
नृभिःwith men/heroes
नृभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनृ- (प्रातिपदिक ‘man, hero’)
शूरःhero, valiant one
शूरः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootशूर- (प्रातिपदिक)
सत्यःtrue, faithful
सत्यः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
अविताhelper, protector
अविता:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Root√अव् (to help, protect) → अवितृ- (agent noun)
विधन्तम्the one who performs/ordains (rites), the worshipper
विधन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√धा (to place, arrange) with वि-; present participle परस्मैपद: विधत्-
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