Rig Veda 2.3.10: Mandala 2, Sukta 3, Mantra 10
Sukta 2.3
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional attribution for RV 2.3)
Devata: Agni (with ritual auxiliaries: Vanaspati, Śamitṛ)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वनस्पतिरवसृजन्नुप स्थादग्निर्हविः सूदयाति प्र धीभिः । त्रिधा समक्तं नयतु प्रजानन्देवेभ्यो दैव्यः शमितोप हव्यम् ॥
Transliteration
vánaspátir ava-sṛjánn úpa sthād agnír havíḥ sūdayāti prá dhī́bhiḥ | tridhā́ sámaktaṃ nayatu prajā́nán devébhyo daívyáḥ śamitópa havyám ||
Translation
वनस्पतिरवसृजन्नुप स्थादग्निर्हविः सूदयाति प्र धीभिः। त्रिधा समक्तं नयतु प्रजानन्देवेभ्यो दैव्यः शमितोप हव्यम्॥
Word by Word
वनस्पतिःthe lord of the forest (sacrificial tree/wood)
वनस्पतिः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootवनस्पति- (प्रातिपदिक) < वन + पति
अवसृजन्released, let down
अवसृजन्:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=वनस्पतिः)
TypeVerb
Rootअव√सृज् (सृज्) धातु
उपnear, towards
उप:
उपपद (दिशा/समीप)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
स्थात्stood, was placed
स्थात्:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=वनस्पतिः)
TypeVerb
Root√स्था धातु
अग्निःAgni (fire)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
हविःthe oblation
हविः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहविस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
सूदयातिcooks, ripens, prepares
सूदयाति:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=अग्निः)
TypeVerb
Root√सूद् धातु
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
उपपद (प्रवृत्ति/प्रकर्ष)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
धीभिःwith thoughts/insights (hymns)
धीभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootधी- (प्रातिपदिक)
त्रिधाin three ways, threefold
त्रिधा:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिधा (अव्यय; त्रि + धा)
समक्तम्well-anointed/mixed
समक्तम्:
कर्म (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसमक्त- (कृदन्त; सम् + √अञ्ज्/अक्त ‘smeared/anointed’)
नयतुlet him lead/carry
नयतु:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=अग्निः/अभिप्रेतः)
TypeVerb
Root√नी धातु
प्रजानन्knowing, discerning
प्रजानन्:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootप्रजानन् (कृदन्त; प्र + √ज्ञा, शतृ-प्रत्यय ‘knowing’)
देवेभ्यःto the gods
देवेभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootदेव- (प्रातिपदिक)
दैव्यःdivine
दैव्यः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदैव्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
शमिताthe preparer (ritual butcher/arranger of the offering)
शमिता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशमितृ- (प्रातिपदिक; √शम् ‘to pacify/prepare’ → ‘slaughterer/preparer’)
उपtowards, up to
उप:
उपपद (समीप/प्रति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
हव्यम्the offering to be offered
हव्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहव्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
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