Rig Veda 2.12.1: Mandala 2, Sukta 12, Mantra 1
Sukta 2.12
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Jagatī (RV 2.12 is classically Jagatī; verify per critical edition—many verses are Jagatī with refrain-like close)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो जात एव प्रथमो मनस्वान्देवो देवान्क्रतुना पर्यभूषत् । यस्य शुष्माद्रोदसी अभ्यसेतां नृम्णस्य मह्ना स जनास इन्द्रः ॥
Transliteration
yó jātá evá prathamó mánasvān devó devā́n kratúnā paryábhūṣat | yásya śúṣmād ródasī abhyàsetāṃ nṛmṇásya mahnā́ sá janāsa índraḥ ||
Translation
यो जात एव प्रथमः मनस्वान् देवो देवान् क्रतुना पर्यभूषत्; यस्य शुष्माद् रोदसी अभ्यसेताम्—नृम्णस्य मह्ना स, जनासः, इन्द्रः।
Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जातःborn
जातः:
Kartā
TypeVerb-derived participle
Root√जन् (जनि) → जात (क्त)
एवindeed, just
एव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रथमःfirst
प्रथमः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
मनस्वान्thoughtful, possessing mind/intent
मनस्वान्:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootमनस् + वत् (मतुप्) → मनस्वत्
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
क्रतुनाby (his) resolve/insight/power
क्रतुना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
परिaround, fully
परि:
—
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootपरि
अभूषत्adorned/arrayed (them), made splendid
अभूषत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भूष् (अलङ्कारे/शोभने)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शुष्मात्from (his) might/impetuous power
शुष्मात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootशुष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
रोदसीthe two worlds (heaven and earth)
रोदसी:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootरोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; द्यावापृथिव्यौ)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
—
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootअभि
असेताम्leaned/settled (towards him), yielded
असेताम्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√सि/√स्यन्द्? (Vedic: √सि ‘to lie/settle/lean’ used with अभि; traditional pada: असेताम्)
नृम्णस्यof manly power/heroic strength
नृम्णस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootनृम्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
मह्नाby (his) greatness
मह्ना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमघन्/महन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘greatness’) → मह्ना (instr.)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जनासःpeoples, men
जनासः:
Kartā (in apposition/vocative-like address in sense)
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक) / जना (Vedic plural) → जनास्
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
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