Rig Veda 1.103.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 103, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.103
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional attribution)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तदूचुषे मानुषेमा युगानि कीर्तेन्यं मघवा नाम बिभ्रत् । उपप्रयन्दस्युहत्याय वज्री यद्ध सूनुः श्रवसे नाम दधे ॥
Transliteration
tád ūcúṣe mā́nuṣemā́ yugā́ni kīrtényam maghávā nā́ma bíbhrat | upa-práyan dasyu-hátyāya vajrī́ yád dha sūnúḥ śrávase nā́ma dadhé ||
Translation
तदेतन्मानुषा युगान्यनु प्रोचुः—कीर्तनीयम् मघवतः नाम बिभ्रतः। वज्री दस्युहत्या उपप्रययौ, यदा हि सूनुः श्रवसे (यशसे) नाम स्वयम् अधत्त।
Word by Word
तत्that, it
तत्:
Karma (सामान्यतः ‘तत्’ = ‘that/it’ as object; here deictic to the following fame/name)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ऊचुषेhas spoken/uttered
ऊचुषे:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया: ‘has said/uttered’)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) → परोक्ष/परफेक्ट ‘उवाच’ (Vedic); here perf. mid.
मानुषेfor/among men, human
मानुषे:
Adhikaraṇa (संबन्ध/विषय: ‘among/for mankind’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootमानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
इमाthese
इमा:
Viśeṣaṇa (युगानि-विशेषण)
TypePronoun/Determiner
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
युगानिages, generations
युगानि:
Karma/Adhikaraṇa (काल-परिमाण: ‘for these ages/through ages’)
TypeNoun
Rootयुग (प्रातिपदिक)
कीर्तेन्यम्praiseworthy, to be celebrated
कीर्तेन्यम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (नाम-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकीर्तेन्य (प्रातिपदिक; √कीर्त्/कीर् ‘to praise, proclaim’ से ‘praiseworthy’)
मघवाthe bountiful one (Indra)
मघवा:
Kartā (बिभ्रत्/दधे इत्यस्य कर्ता: Indra)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootमघवन् (प्रातिपदिक; इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)
नामname
नाम:
Karma (बिभ्रत्/दधे—‘bearing/placing a name’)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
बिभ्रत्bearing, carrying
बिभ्रत्:
Kartṛ-sādhana (कर्तरि वर्तमान-विशेषण: ‘bearing’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√भृ (धातु) ‘to bear’
उपप्रयन्approaching, advancing
उपप्रयन्:
Kartṛ-sādhana (कर्तरि: ‘approaching/advancing’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootउप-√प्रि/√प्रय (धातु) ‘to go/advance’ (with उप)
दस्युहत्या॑यfor the killing of the Dasyus
दस्युहत्या॑य:
Sampradāna/Purpose (अर्थे चतुर्थी: ‘for the slaying of the Dasyus’)
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु-हत्या (समास; दस्यु + हत्या < √हन्)
वज्रीthe wielder of the thunderbolt
वज्री:
Kartā (इन्द्रस्य पुनर्नाम; कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having the vajra’)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
Sambandha (यद्–तद् सम्बन्ध: ‘when/that which’)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हindeed
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (निपात)
सूनुःson
सूनुः:
Kartā (दधे इत्यस्य कर्ता; ‘the son’)
TypeNoun
Rootसूनु (प्रातिपदिक)
श्रवसेfor fame, for glory
श्रवसे:
Sampradāna/Purpose (अर्थे चतुर्थी: ‘for fame/renown’)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नामname
नाम:
Karma (दधे—‘set/placed a name’)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
दधेhas placed, has assumed
दधे:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया: ‘has placed/assumed’)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धातु) ‘to place, set’
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