Rig Veda 9.113.10: Mandala 9, Sukta 113, Mantra 10
Sukta 9.113
- Rishi
- Soma Pavamāna cycle attribution
- Devata
- Soma for Indra
- Chandas
- Jagatī
- Rasa
- Shanta (peace) and Shringara (love)
यत्र कामा निकामाश्च यत्र ब्रध्नस्य विष्टपम् । स्वधा च यत्र तृप्तिश्च तत्र माममृतं कृधीन्द्रायेन्दो परि स्रव ॥
yátra kā́mā nikāmā́ś ca yátra bradhnásya viṣṭápam | svadhā́ ca yátra tṛ́ptiś ca tátra mā́m amṛ́taṃ kṛdhī́ndrā́yendo pári srava ||
യത്ര കാമാഃ നികാമാശ്ച—ആഗ്രഹങ്ങൾ നിറവേറി, സത്യസങ്കൽപ്പങ്ങൾ തൃപ്തിയിലാകുന്നു; യത്ര ബ്രധ്നസ്യ (പ്രകാശമാനന്റെ) വിഷ്ടപം—ദൃഢാസനം ഉണ്ട്; യത്ര സ്വധാ ച തൃപ്തിശ്ച വസിക്കുന്നു—അവിടെ എന്നെ അമൃതൻ ആക്കുക. ഹേ ഇന്ദ്രന്റെ സോമ, പരി സ്രവ—ചുറ്റും അകത്തേക്കും ഒഴുകുക.
Word by Word
- यत्र
- whereIndeclinableस्थानवाचक अव्यय (relative adverb: 'where')Role अधिकरण (स्थान) — सम्बन्धवाक्येRoot यत्र (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) < य- (सर्वनाम-आधार)
- कामाः
- desiresNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनRole कर्तृ/विषय (अस्ति-भावे) — 'desires (are)'Root काम (प्रातिपदिक)
- निकामाः
- fulfilled, fully satisfiedAdjective (used substantively) / Noun-likeपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'पूर्णकाम/इष्टसिद्ध'Role कर्तृ/विषय (समुच्चितः) — 'fulfilled (desires)'Root निकाम (प्रातिपदिक; नि- + काम)
- च
- andIndeclinableसमुच्चयार्थक अव्ययRoot च (अव्यय)
- यत्र
- whereIndeclinableस्थानवाचक अव्ययRole अधिकरण (स्थान) — सम्बन्धवाक्येRoot यत्र (अव्यय)
- ब्रध्नस्य
- of Bradhna (the shining one; solar)Nounपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचनRole सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — 'of the bradhna (the shining one/solar)'Root ब्रध्न (प्रातिपदिक)
- विष्टपम्
- abode, seat, realmNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्म (गम्य/प्राप्य-स्थानम्) — 'abode/seat'Root विष्टप (प्रातिपदिक)
- स्वधा
- svadhā (ritual nourishment/oblation-power)Nounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (वैदिके: पितृदेवतानां तर्पण-शक्ति/आहुत्यनिष्ठा)Role कर्तृ/विषय (अस्ति-भावे) — 'svadhā is (there)'Root स्वधा (प्रातिपदिक)
- च
- andIndeclinableसमुच्चयार्थकRoot च (अव्यय)
- यत्र
- whereIndeclinableस्थानवाचक अव्ययRole अधिकरण (स्थान)Root यत्र (अव्यय)
- तृप्तिः
- satisfaction, fullnessNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole कर्तृ/विषय (अस्ति-भावे)Root तृप्ति (प्रातिपदिक) < √तृप् (तृप् तर्पणे)
- च
- andIndeclinableसमुच्चयार्थकRoot च (अव्यय)
- तत्र
- thereIndeclinableस्थानवाचक अव्यय (correlative: 'there')Role अधिकरण (स्थान) — मुख्यवाक्येRoot तत्र (अव्यय)
- माम्
- mePronounउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्म — 'make me'Root अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
- अमृतम्
- immortal; deathlessAdjective (used predicatively) / Nounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (कर्म-सम्प्रदान-निर्देशे: 'immortal')Role कर्म-प्रत्ययार्थ (द्वितीयाकर्म) — 'make (me) immortal'Root अमृत (प्रातिपदिक; अ- + मृत)
- कृधि
- make; doVerbलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदRole क्रियाRoot √कृ (कृञ् करणे)
- इन्द्राय
- for IndraNounपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचनRole सम्प्रदान (दत्त/अर्पित-लक्ष्य) — 'for Indra'Root इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
- इन्दो
- O Indu (Soma)Noun (vocative)पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचनRole सम्बोधनRoot इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
- परि
- around; forth; abundantlyIndeclinable (preverb) / Adverbउपसर्गः (√स्रु-योगे: 'around, forth, abundantly')Root परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
- स्रव
- flowVerbलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदRole क्रियाRoot √स्रु (स्रु प्रवणे/स्रवणे)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेदः (सन्धिविग्रह): कामा॑ निका॒माश्च → कामाः निकामाः च
- स्व॒धा च॒ → स्वधा च
- यत्र॒ तृप्ति॑श्च → यत्र तृप्तिः च
- माम॒मृतं॑ → माम् अमृतम्
- कृ॒धीन्द्रा॑येन्दो॒ → कृधि इन्द्राय इन्दो
- परि॑ स्रव → परि स्रव. (वेदस्वराः पाठे यथास्थानं; पदच्छेदे सामान्यरूपेण दर्शितम्।)
The meaning
Outer meaning
Where desires and fulfilled desires are, where is the firm seat of the Luminous One; where svadhā and satisfaction are—there make me immortal. O Indu, flow forth all around for Indra.
Inner meaning
This is a map of the fulfilled consciousness: kāma is no longer lack but true soul-intention, and nikāma is its spontaneous fulfillment. ‘Bradhna’ (the Luminous) indicates a stable luminous foundation—truth-light as a seat (viṣṭapa) in the being. ‘Svadhā’ is self-law, the innate right ordering power; ‘tṛpti’ is plenary contentment. Soma is asked to establish the seeker in that immortal poise where will, law, and satisfaction are harmonized in light.
Universal truth
Lasting fulfillment comes when desire is purified into true intention, life is governed by inner law, and contentment arises from alignment with luminous truth rather than acquisition.
Themes
Heavenly seat, Fulfilment of desire, Soma as delight-power, Psychological ascent
The seer
- Rishi
- Pavamāna Soma cycle (RV 9)
- Other hymns
- RV 9.113.7-9 (light-world, gate, triple heaven), RV 1.113 (Uṣas: fulfillment in light, thematic), RV 10.90 (Puruṣa: plenitude, thematic)
Family tradition
Soma hymns culminating in visions of the fulfilled luminous world; often read as inner perfection of will and delight.
Significance
The rishi defines immortality by signs: fulfilled will (nikāma), luminous foundation (bradhna), self-law (svadhā), and plenary satisfaction (tṛpti).
The deity
- Devata
- Soma Pavamāna (bestower of fulfilled delight) offered to Indra; Bradhna as luminous marker
- Epithets
- Indu, Pavamāna, Soma
- Related deities
- Indra, Sūrya/Bradhna, Varuṇa (law), Agni (will)
Cosmic role
Soma is the essence that establishes plenitude in the luminous world; he supports Indra’s illumined governance.
Inner power
Bliss that heals lack, aligns will with truth, and yields deep satisfaction.
In ritual
Where it is used
Soma-yajña pavamāna recitation; concluding aspiration verses
यत्र॒ कामा॑ निका॒माश्च॒ यत्र॑ ब्र॒ध्नस्य॑ वि॒ष्टप॑म् । स्व॒धा च॒ यत्र॒ तृप्ति॑श्च॒ तत्र॒ माम॒मृतं॑ कृ॒धीन्द्रा॑येन्दो॒ परि॑ स्रव ॥
यत्र॑ । कामाः॑ । नि॒ऽका॒माः । च॒ । यत्र॑ । ब्र॒ध्नस्य॑ । वि॒ष्टप॑म् । स्व॒धा । च॒ । यत्र॑ । तृप्तिः॑ । च॒ । तत्र॑ । माम् । अ॒मृत॑म् । कृ॒धि॒ । इन्द्रा॑य । इ॒न्दो॒ इति॑ । परि॑ । स्र॒व॒ ॥
yatra | kāmāḥ | ni-kāmāḥ | ca | yatra | bradhnasya | viṣṭapam | svadhā | ca | yatra | tṛptiḥ | ca | tatra | mām | amṛtam | kṛdhi | indrāya | indo iti | pari | srava
48
4×12 with refrain closure
Full and concluding; conveys completion and satisfaction.
Leaves the listener with a sense of plenitude and settled harmony; refrain circulates the attained joy as offering.
- कामाः (kāmāḥ)
- Literal: desires. Symbolic: soul-intentions/aspirations when purified
- निकामाः (nikāmāḥ)
- Literal: fulfilled desires. Symbolic: spontaneous accomplishment without lack or craving
- ब्रध्न (bradhna)
- Literal: the Luminous (often solar). Symbolic: truth-light principle; radiant consciousness
- विष्टप (viṣṭapa)
- Literal: seat/foundation. Symbolic: stable plane or established basis in the being
- स्वधा (svadhā)
- Literal: one’s own law/force; offering formula. Symbolic: self-law, intrinsic right functioning of nature aligned with truth
- तृप्ति (tṛpti)
- Literal: satisfaction. Symbolic: plenitude/contentment of the soul
- अमृतम् (amṛtam)
- Literal: immortal. Symbolic: deathless consciousness established in light and plenitude
Pavamāna Soma purification chants in Soma-yajña; used to accompany the flow/filtration (pavana) of Soma.
Near sequences emphasizing attainment of heaven/immortality; as Soma is readied for offering.
Chanted with the flow/clarification and dedication to Indra.
For craving-transformation: chant when desire is agitated; use it to shift from lack to alignment and contentment.
bradhná- is connected to brightness/ardor (semantic field of ‘flame, radiance’; cf. √bradh/√bṛh ‘to expand’ debated; here taken as ‘luminous’ per Vedic usage). viṣṭápa ‘seat’ from vi- + √sthā ‘stand’ → ‘a standing-apart place, firm station’. svadhā́: sva ‘own’ + dhā ‘to place/hold’ (√dhā) → ‘self-established law/power’; psychologically, the soul’s inherent order. tṛ́pti from √tṛp ‘to be satisfied’ → fullness/pleasure of completion.
Svadhā (self-law, inner right order), Fulfilment and plenitude (tṛpti), Immortality as achieved completeness
Svadhā is ṛta individualized: right order as the being’s own natural law.
Bradhna’s seat implies truth established as a foundation, not a passing experience.
Perfection-state: from seeking to fulfillment; from desire to plenitude; from instability to a luminous seat.
Vedantic-yogic fulfillment: ānanda as intrinsic; desire transmuted into will of the soul.
full daylight (symbolically)
Sun-seat = stable truth-light in the mind; fulfilled desires = energies harmonized; svadhā = self-regulating dharma of the nature; tṛpti = soul-plenitude.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The ‘seat of the Luminous’ as a realized station where seeking becomes fulfilment: the mythic heaven is reframed as a psychological condition—desire transmuted into accomplished intention (nikāma) and stable plenitude (tṛpti).
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √sthā in viṣṭapa reflects PIE *steh₂- ‘stand’ (Eng ‘stand’, Lat stō). √tṛp ‘be satisfied’ has Indo-Iranian parallels (Avestan tarəp- ‘be satisfied’ attested in related semantic field). svá ‘own’ is PIE *s(w)e- reflex (cf. Lat suus).
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The rishi asks Soma to transport and transform: not merely granting objects of desire, but converting desire into intrinsic fulfilment under svadhā (self-law). Soma is the operative delight that makes the aspirant fit for the ‘viṣṭapa’—a stable luminous consciousness.
Rest in plenitude: feel a luminous ‘seat’ in the heart-head axis; let desires be offered into Soma until only true intention remains.
Anāhata (contentment) stabilized by Ājñā (luminous seat of discernment)
Lengthen exhale to evoke tṛpti; on inhale silently affirm ‘svadhā’ (inner law), on exhale ‘tṛpti’ (contentment).
Quiet fullness; reduced seeking; stable luminous satisfaction.
After chanting, list one desire; ask: ‘Is this lack or soul-intention?’ Offer it inwardly; wait for a calmer, truer impulse before acting.
Observe accents (यत्र॒ कामा॑, निका॒माश्च॒, ब्र॒ध्नस्य॑, वि॒ष्टप॑म्, स्व॒धा, तृप्ति॑श्च॒, इन्द्रा॑येन्दो॒).
Give weight to ‘bradhnasya viṣṭapam’ as the central image; let ‘svadhā’ and ‘tṛpti’ land softly, conveying completion.
nikāmāś ca: keep ‘ś ca’ distinct (don’t turn into ‘sca’), bradhnasya: pronounce ‘dh n’ carefully (bradh-na-sya), viṣṭapam: retroflex ‘ṣṭ’ cluster clean, svadhā: ‘sv’ crisp, long ‘ā’
Warm, settled, resonant; avoid sharpness—aim for fullness.
11
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