Sukta 19
Sukta 9.19
Ascribed generally in RV 9 (Pavamāna Maṇḍala) to Soma-pavamāna seers; specific attribution for 9.19 varies by tradition (often treated as Soma hymns of the Pavamanas rather than a single fixed r̥ṣi).
Soma Pavamāna (the purifying Soma)
Gāyatrī (3 pādas × 8 syllables; typical for many Soma-pavamāna verses)
ຄຳສັງເຊື້ອເພງສົມະທີ່ສັ້ນນີ້ສັນລະເສີມສົມະໃນຂະນະທີ່ພຣະອົງຖືກເຮັດໃຫ້ບໍລິສຸດຜ່ານຕາແຫຼ້ມ, ຂໍໃຫ້ພຣະອົນນຳພາ "ສົມະສົມບັດອັນສະຫວ່າງ" ມາຈາກທັງສະຫວັນແລະແຜ່ນດິນ. ມັນປະສົມປະສານພາບພາກການບູຊາ (ເຄື່ອງດື່ມທີ່ໄຫຼຜ່ານອັນຈະແຈ້ງແລະພະລັງອົບບາລົບຂອງມັນ) ກັບຄຳອ້ອມຕົວທີ່ເປັນປະຕິບັດ: ພະລັງອັນບໍລິສຸດຂອງສົມະຄວນຈະປົດປ່ອຍສັດຕູ, ບໍ່ວ່າຈະຢູ່ໃກ້ຫຼືໄກ.
Mantras
Mantra 1
यत्सोम चित्रमुक्थ्यं दिव्यं पार्थिवं वसु । तन्नः पुनान आ भर ॥
ເບິ່ງສິ່ງລ້ຳຄ່າອັນສະຫວ່າງສະຫຼາດແລະຫຼາຍຮູບແບບ, ໂອ ໂສມະ - ຊຶ່ງສົມແກ່ບົດສະຫຼອງ, ເປັນທັງສິ່ງສະຫວັນແລະຂອງໂລກ - ຈົ່ງນຳເອົາສິ່ງນັ້ນມາສູ່ພວກເຮົາເມື່ອພຣະອົງຊຳລະຈິດໃຈຂອງພຣະອົງເອງ.
Mantra 2
युवं हि स्थः स्वर्पती इन्द्रश्च सोम गोपती । ईशाना पिप्यतं धियः ॥
ເພາະພະອົງທັງສອງພຣະອົງແມ່ນຜູ້ປົກຄອງໂລກທີ່ສະຫວ່າງສະຫຼາດ - ອິນທຣະ ແລະ ໂສມະ, ຜູ້ປົກປ້ອງແສງສະຫວ່າງ; ໃນຖານະຜູ້ເປັນໃຫຍ່, ຈົ່ງເພີ່ມພະລັງແລະເຕີມເຕັມຄວາມຄິດຂອງພວກເຮົາດ້ວຍພະລັງແສງສະຫວ່າງ.
Mantra 3
वृषा पुनान आयुषु स्तनयन्नधि बर्हिषि । हरिः सन्योनिमासदत् ॥
ພຣະສັດຜູ້ຊາຍບໍລິສັດ, ຊຳລະຈິດໃຈຂອງພຣະອົງໃນກະແສຂອງຊີວິດ, ສຽງຮ້ອງຄັນຄານ, ໄດ້ປະທັບບັນລັງເທິງຫຍ້າອັນສັກສິດ; ຜູ້ມີສີທອງ, ໃນການກາຍເປັນ, ໄດ້ເຂົ້າສູ່ຄັງຂອງພິທີກຳ.
Mantra 4
अवावशन्त धीतयो वृषभस्याधि रेतसि । सूनोर्वत्सस्य मातरः ॥
ຄວາມຄິດອັນມີປັນຍາໄດ້ສຽງຮ້ອງຕອບຮັບເທິງເຊື້ອພັນຂອງພຣະສັດຜູ້ຊາຍບໍລິສັດ; ບັນດາພະມານີຂອງລູກລູກຊາຍນ້ອຍ - ຜູ້ເປັນພະເນດລ້ຽງແສງສະຫວ່າງໃໝ່ - ໄດ້ເບິ່ງແຍງແລະລ້ຽງດູມັນ.
Mantra 5
कुविद्वृषण्यन्तीभ्यः पुनानो गर्भमादधत् । याः शुक्रं दुहते पयः ॥
ຂໍໃຫ້ພຣະອົງ, ໃນຂະນະທີ່ຊຳລະຈິດ, ໄດ້ວາງເມັດພັນໄວ້ໃນພະລັງອັນມີຄວາມກະດຸ້ນຮຸ່ນ - ຊຶ່ງເປັນຜູ້ຄົນນົມແສງສະຫວ່າງອັນສະຫວ່າງສະຫຼາດ.
Mantra 6
उप शिक्षापतस्थुषो भियसमा धेहि शत्रुषु । पवमान विदा रयिम् ॥
ຈົ່ງສອນພວກເຮົາຈາກໃກ້ຊິດ: ຈົ່ງວາງຄວາມຢ້ານກົວໃສ່ສັດຕູຜູ້ຈະລຸກຂຶ້ນຕໍ່ສູ້ພວກເຮົາ; ໂອ ປະວະມານ, ຈົ່ງຊະນະຄວາມສົມບູນຂອງການມີຢູ່ໃຫ້ພວກເຮົາ.
Mantra 7
नि शत्रोः सोम वृष्ण्यं नि शुष्मं नि वयस्तिर । दूरे वा सतो अन्ति वा ॥
ຈົ່ງໂຄ່ນລົງ, ໂອ ໂສມະ, ພະລັງອັນເປັນຊາຍຂອງສັດຕູ; ຈົ່ງໂຄ່ນລົງກຳລັງຂອງມັນ, ຈົ່ງໂຄ່ນລົງພະລັງການກ້າວໜ້າຂອງມັນ - ເຖິງແມ່ນມັນຢືນຢູ່ໄກ ຫຼື ໃກ້.
Inside Sukta 19
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
Invocation to Soma as he purifies himself, asking him to bring manifold treasure—divine and earthly (9.19.1).
- Development
Ritual-poetic imagery intensifies: inspired thoughts respond, and nurturing “Mothers” foster the newborn, potent essence emerging from the Bull’s seed (9.19.4).
- Climax
Soma’s purified power is asked to act as a warrior-force, breaking the adversary’s strength and forward drive.
- Where it settles
The hymn closes with a protective sweep—Soma casts down hostile power whether it is distant or near (9.19.7), sealing the rite with assurance of defense.
The deity: Soma Pavamāna
- In the VedaSoma is praised as the radiant, honeyed draught that rushes through the woolen filter, becoming clear, strong, and fit for Indra and the gods; he is “ukthya” (worthy of hymns) and a giver of varied riches.
- Cosmic functionMediator of vitality and order: Soma’s clarified flow sustains the gods, strengthens Indra for victory, and helps secure prosperity, protection, and right increase for the sacrificers.
- Inner significanceThe purification of Soma mirrors inner clarification—refining thought and speech (dhī), concentrating life-force, and transforming raw impulse into luminous, disciplined power that overcomes inner and outer adversaries.
The seer
- Pavamāna Soma seers (Soma-pavamāna ṛṣayaḥ)Collective seer-tradition of Maṇḍala 9 that voices Soma’s purification (pavamāna) as a liturgical-poetic cycle rather than a single fixed author.
Famous verses
यत्सोम चित्रमुक्थ्यं दिव्यं पार्थिवं वसु । तन्नः पुनान आ भर ॥अवावशन्त धीतयो वृषभस्याधि रेतसि । सूनोर्वत्सस्य मातरः ॥नि शत्रोः सोम वृष्ण्यं नि शुष्मं नि वयस्तिर । दूरे वा सतो अन्ति वा ॥Attributes of the deity
- Purifying flow (pavamāna)
- Radiance/brightness (citra, śukra sense)
- Bestower of heavenly and earthly wealth
- Invigorator and protector in conflict
- Linked with inspired thought (dhītayaḥ) and nurturing powers (“Mothers”)
Also by this seer
- Most of Rig Veda Maṇḍala 9 (Pavamāna Maṇḍala) Soma hymns
- Development of recurring Soma imagery: filter (pavitra), stream/flow, brightness, invigorating power, and protection in ritual context
The rite, step by step
- Press Soma stalks and collect the expressed juice (savana context).
- Mix/prepare with water; guide the flow toward the filter (pavitra).
- Filter through wool/strainer while chanting Gāyatrī Soma-pavamāna verses.
- Collect the clarified Soma; apportion for offerings to deities (commonly Indra and the Soma deities).
- Offer libations with accompanying recitations; conclude with petitions for wealth and the weakening of hostile forces.
Offerings
- Clarified Soma libations
- Water used in mixing/flow
- Associated oblations in the Soma rite (as prescribed in Śrauta practice)
Frequently Asked Questions
It asks Soma, while he is being purified, to bring bright treasures (both heavenly and earthly) and to protect the worshippers by reducing hostile forces.
In the Soma ritual, the expressed juice is strained through a filter (often wool). The hymn poetically treats this as a sacred refining that makes Soma radiant, powerful, and fit to be offered.
They are nurturing powers associated with the rite—often understood as the waters, the filtering elements, or supportive divine forces that foster the newly clarified Soma and the light/strength it symbolizes.
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