Rig Veda 10.21.8: Mandala 10, Sukta 21, Mantra 8

Sukta 10.21

Rishi: Unknown from provided excerpt

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (uncertain)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अग्ने शुक्रेण शोचिषोरु प्रथयसे बृहत् । अभिक्रन्दन्वृषायसे वि वो मदे गर्भं दधासि जामिषु विवक्षसे ॥

Transliteration

agne śukréṇa śóciṣorú prathayase bṛhát | abhíkrandan vṛṣāyase ví vo made gárbhaṃ dadhāsi jā́miṣu vívakṣase ||

Translation

O Agni, with your bright flame you widen the Vast. Crying out, you pour yourself as a bull-force; in our rapture you place the germ within the kindreds of our being, seeking to manifest the new birth of consciousness.

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Word by Word

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• शु॒क्रेण॑: with the bright (radiance)
• शु॒क्रेण॑: करण
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: शु॒क्र- (प्रातिपदिक) < √शुच्/√शुचि (दीप्तौ/शौच) (व्युत्पत्त्यर्थ)

• शो॒चिषा: with flame, with blaze
• शो॒चिषा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोचिस्- (प्रातिपदिक) < √शुच् (दीप्तौ)

• उ॒रु: widely, far and wide
• उ॒रु: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial)
• Root: उरु (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रयोग)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग)

• प्रथयसे: you spread, you extend
• प्रथयसे: कर्तृ (अग्ने) सह क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √प्रथ् (विस्तारे) / caus. प्रथय-

• बृ॒हत्: the great (vastly)
• बृ॒हत्: कर्म (प्रथयसे) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Adjective (accusative used adverbially / object-qualifier)
• Root: बृहन्त्- (प्रातिपदिक) < √बृह् (वृद्धौ)

• अ॒भि: towards, against, over
• अ॒भि: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग)

• क्रन्दन्: roaring, crying aloud
• क्रन्दन्: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Participle (present active)
• Root: √क्रन्द् (रुदिते/नादे)

• वृषायसे: you act as a bull; you grow strong/impel
• वृषायसे: कर्तृ (अग्ने) सह क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृष् (वर्षणे/बलप्रदाने) denom. वृषाय-

• वि: apart, forth, distinctly
• वि: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• वः: of you / for you (pl.)
• वः: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘your/for you’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (सर्वनाम)

• मदे: in exhilaration, in intoxication
• मदे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद- (प्रातिपदिक) < √मद् (हर्षे/मत्ते)

• गर्भम्: embryo; germ; inner seed
• गर्भम्: कर्म (दधासि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• दधासि: you place, you set
• दधासि: कर्तृ (अग्ने) सह क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धारणे/स्थापने)

• जा॒मिषु: among kin/households; in near relations
• जा॒मिषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: जामि- (प्रातिपदिक) (सम्बन्धि/कुटुम्ब/निकट)

• विवक्षसे: you wish to speak/utter; you intend to proclaim
• विवक्षसे: कर्तृ (अग्ने) सह क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (वचने) with desiderative/intentive formation विवक्ष-