Rig Veda Sukta 53
Mandala 10Sukta 5311 Mantras

Sukta 53

Sukta 10.53

Rishi

Agni/Hotṛ-centered cycle (speaker representing the sacrificers seeking the true Hotṛ/Agni)

Chandas

Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

This hymn portrays the sacrificers’ search for the true Hotṛ—Agni as the inner knower of yajña—who is “older than us” and seated within, able to establish the divine presence in the worshipper. It weaves together ritual imagery (thread, weaving, paths of light) with an inward discipline of thought and speech, culminating in a vision of creative gestation where the sacrificial power is placed in the womb of the feminine forces and wins victory through right making (kāra).

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.53

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • AgniMantra 1the sought knower of yajña

    Agni is invoked as the arriving, all-discerning knower of the sacrifice (yajñasya vidvān), the priestly power that mediates between humans and gods and correctly ‘offers’ on behalf of the worshipper.

  • Yajniya DevaMantra 2Yajñiyāḥ Devāḥ (the gods worthy of sacrifice)
  • TvashtriMantra 9Tvaṣṭṛ
  • BrahmanaspatiMantra 9Brahmaṇaspati (lord of the mantric power)

Mantras

Mantra 1

यमैच्छाम मनसा सोऽयमागाद्यज्ञस्य विद्वान्परुषश्चिकित्वान् । स नो यक्षद्देवताता यजीयान्नि हि षत्सदन्तरः पूर्वो अस्मत् ॥

जिसे हम दिल से ढूंढ रहे थे, वो आ गया। यह यज्ञ का जाननेवाला है, हर चीज़ समझता है। वो हमारे लिए पूजा करेगा, भगवान को हमारे पास लाएगा। वो हमारे दिल के अंदर बैठा है, हमसे भी पुराना।

Mantra 2

अराधि होता निषदा यजीयानभि प्रयांसि सुधितानि हि ख्यत् । यजामहै यज्ञियान्हन्त देवाँ ईळामहा ईड्याँ आज्येन ॥

पुजारी आ गया है, अब बैठ के पूजा करेगा। वो सब सही तरीके से समझता है। चलो, देवा लोगों की पूजा करते हैं। उनको घी और अच्छे भावों से बुलाते हैं।

Mantra 3

साध्वीमकर्देववीतिं नो अद्य यज्ञस्य जिह्वामविदाम गुह्याम् । स आयुरागात्सुरभिर्वसानो भद्रामकर्देवहूतिं नो अद्य ॥

आज उसने देवा लोगों का रास्ता सही कर दिया। आज हमने यज्ञ की बात समझ ली। वो जीवन लाया है, मीठा बन के आया है। आज उसने भगवान को बुलाने का सही तरीका दिखाया।

Mantra 4

तदद्य वाचः प्रथमं मसीय येनासुराँ अभि देवा असाम । ऊर्जाद उत यज्ञियासः पञ्च जना मम होत्रं जुषध्वम् ॥

आज मैं पहली बात शुरू करता हूँ। इससे हम भी देवा लोगों जैसा बन जाएंगे। पाँच जाति के लोग, जो सच्ची ताकत से जीते हैं, मेरी पूजा में खुश रहो।

Mantra 5

पञ्च जना मम होत्रं जुषन्तां गोजाता उत ये यज्ञियासः । पृथिवी नः पार्थिवात्पात्वंहसोऽन्तरिक्षं दिव्यात्पात्वस्मान् ॥

पाँच प्रकार के लोग मेरे यज्ञ में खुश हों। यह वो हैं जो प्रकाश से पैदा हुए और यज्ञ के लायक हैं। धरती हमें धरती के खतरे से बचाए। आकाश हमें ऊपर से आने वाले खतरे से बचाए।

Mantra 6

तन्तुं तन्वन्रजसो भानुमन्विहि ज्योतिष्मतः पथो रक्ष धिया कृतान् । अनुल्बणं वयत जोगुवामपो मनुर्भव जनया दैव्यं जनम् ॥

धागा खींच के उस चमकते रास्ते पे चलो। वो रास्ते जो सोच से बनाए गए हैं, उन्हें रक्षा करो। काम में कोई तोड़ें नहीं, यज्ञ करने वाले लोग। मनु बनो और भगवान की संतान को पैदा करो।

Mantra 7

अक्षानहो नह्यतनोत सोम्या इष्कृणुध्वं रशना ओत पिंशत । अष्टावन्धुरं वहताभितो रथं येन देवासो अनयन्नभि प्रियम् ॥

रथ के एक्सल में जोड़े बाँधो, सोम रस से खुश लोग। राशम ठीक से बाँधो और साफ करो। आठ पहिये वाला रथ चलाओ, जिससे भगवान अपने प्रिय तक पहुँचे थे।

Mantra 8

अश्मन्वती रीयते सं रभध्वमुत्तिष्ठत प्र तरता सखायः । अत्रा जहाम ये असन्नशेवाः शिवान्वयमुत्तरेमाभि वाजान् ॥

पत्थरों वाली नदी बहुत तेज़ भाग रही है, सब मिल के पकड़ो। उठो और पार करो, दोस्तों। यहाँ हम वो लोग छोड़ देते हैं जो मदद नहीं करते। हम अच्छे पास पार करें, ताकत की तरफ।

Mantra 9

त्वष्टा माया वेदपसामपस्तमो बिभ्रत्पात्रा देवपानानि शंतमा । शिशीते नूनं परशुं स्वायसं येन वृश्चादेतशो ब्रह्मणस्पतिः ॥

त्वष्ठा भगवान बनाने की ताकत जानता है, काम में सबसे एक्सपर्ट। वो भगवान के पानी के बर्तन रखता है और शांति देता है। वो अब लोहे की कुल्हाड़ी तेज़ कर रहा है। उससे ब्रह्मणस्पति रुकावट काट सकेगा।

Mantra 10

सतो नूनं कवयः सं शिशीत वाशीभिर्याभिरमृताय तक्षथ । विद्वांसः पदा गुह्यानि कर्तन येन देवासो अमृतत्वमानशुः ॥

अब रिशि लोग सचाई की शक्ति को तेज़ करते हैं अपने बोल से। वो बोल से ऐसे काम करते हैं जिससे अमृत मिलता है। जो लोग सब जानते हैं, वो छुपी चीज़ों को खोलते हैं। इसी रास्ते से देवता लोग अमृत पाए थे।

Mantra 11

गर्भे योषामदधुर्वत्समासन्यपीच्येन मनसोत जिह्वया । स विश्वाहा सुमना योग्या अभि सिषासनिर्वनते कार इज्जितिम् ॥

कन्याओं के गर्भ में उन्ने बच्चे को रखा। वो मन और जीभ से वहीं बैठे थे। वो हमेशा खुश मन से योग के लायक है। अपनी शक्ति से जीत लेता है, अपने काम से।

Inside Sukta 53

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The sought one has arrived: Agni as the true knower of yajña and the inner Hotṛ who is ‘older’ and seated within.

  2. Development

    Ritual language turns into a program of continuous practice—stretching the thread, guarding luminous paths, weaving work without break—linking outer rite to inner dhī (inspired thought).

  3. Climax

    A creative-gestational image: the sacrificial ‘calf’ is placed in the womb of the maidens (creative powers), established by inward mind and the tongue—uniting thought and speech as the engine of realization.

  4. Where it settles

    The hymn seals the aim: the fit, well-yoked power wins victory through right making (kāra), implying successful offering and the arising of a ‘divine race’ (daivyaṃ janam) within.

The deity: Agni

  • Cosmic functionHe is the cosmic mediator: carrying offerings to the gods, maintaining the luminous paths, and sustaining order by correct ritual action and inspired intelligence (dhī).
  • Inner significanceAgni signifies the awakened inner fire—discernment and aspiration seated ‘within’—that performs the true offering by aligning thought and speech with truth, thereby ‘bringing to birth’ a divine nature in the practitioner.

The seer

  • Agni/Hotṛ-centered voice (collective sacrificers; Anukramaṇī attribution uncertain)Speaking as the yajamāna-community seeking the authentic Hotṛ—Agni as the inner priest who knows every detail of the sacrifice and installs ‘devatā’ within.

Famous verses

यमैच्छाम मनसा सोऽयमागाद्यज्ञस्य विद्वान्परुषश्चिकित्वान् । स नो यक्षद्देवताता यजीयान्नि हि षत्सदन्तरः पूर्वो अस्मत् ॥
Verse 10.53.1Core thesis of the hymn: Agni/Hotṛ is found and arrives as the knower of yajña, seated within, able to ‘establish devatā’ in the worshipper—linking ritual mediation with inner indwelling.Read verse 10.53.1 →
तन्तुं तन्वन्रजसो भानुमन्विहि ज्योतिष्मतः पथो रक्ष धिया कृतान् । अनुल्बणं वयत जोगुवामपो मनुर्भव जनया दैव्यं जनम् ॥
Verse 10.53.6Defines the hymn’s discipline of continuity and illumination: ‘stretch the thread,’ ‘guard the luminous paths,’ ‘weave without break,’ and ‘become Manu’—a compact statement of sustained ritual-psychological practice.Read verse 10.53.6 →
गर्भे योषामदधुर्वत्समासन्यपीच्येन मनसोत जिह्वया । स विश्वाहा सुमना योग्या अभि सिषासनिर्वनते कार इज्जितिम् ॥
Verse 10.53.11Revelatory symbolic climax: the ‘calf in the womb’ image integrates feminine creative powers with inward mind and tongue, ending with victory through deliberate making (kāra).Read verse 10.53.11 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Hotṛ (true officiant/mediator)
  • Yajña-vid (knower of sacrifice)
  • Inner indweller (antar)
  • Light-path guide (jyotiṣmat pathaḥ)
  • Transformer and purifier
  • Bringer of divine birth (janayā daivyaṃ janam)

Also by this seer

  • Part of the late (Maṇḍala 10) reflective hymns that interiorize ritual language into psychological and spiritual practice
  • Associated with the broader RV tendency to identify Agni as both outer fire and inner priest (hotṛ within the heart)

The rite, step by step

  • Sankalpa/intent: seek the true Hotṛ with mind and invite his arrival (inner and outer).
  • Kindle and seat Agni: establish the fire and recognize him as indwelling ‘within’ (antar).
  • Pray for right offering: request Agni to ‘sacrifice for us’ and set the devatā-principle within.
  • Contemplate the ‘thread’ and ‘paths of light’: maintain continuity of rite and attention; protect the luminous tracks made by dhī.
  • Perform offerings with unbroken work (anulbaṇa): coordinated action of priests/energies (āpaḥ/apas).
  • Inner gestation: place the ‘calf’ (sacrificial potency) in the womb of creative powers; steady mind and tongue (manas, jihvā).
  • Conclude with victory by right making (kāra): affirm accomplishment and the birth/strengthening of the divine disposition.

Offerings

  • Ghee (ājya) into Agni
  • Soma/oblations as applicable to the session
  • Symbolic offering of speech (vāc/jihvā) and thought (manas/dhī) through disciplined recitation

Frequently Asked Questions

It is about finding and invoking Agni as the true Hotṛ (priest) who knows the sacrifice perfectly and also lives within the worshipper, enabling a correct offering and inner transformation.

The “thread” and “weaving” describe keeping the yajña continuous and error-free—both in the outer ritual sequence and in the inner continuity of attention, thought (dhī), and recitation.

Manu represents the archetypal human who establishes right order. The line suggests becoming properly aligned with dharma and yajña so that a ‘divine’ disposition—clarity, truth, and higher nature—arises within.

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