Rig Veda Sukta 3
Mandala 1Sukta 312 Mantras

Sukta 3

Sukta 1.3

Rishi

Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1-1.11; RV 1.3 addressed to the Aśvins in this opening sequence)

Chandas

Gāyatrī (3 pādas × 8 syllables; typical for the opening hymns of Mandala 1)

RV 1.3 is an early Gāyatrī hymn of invitation and welcome, calling the Aśvins—swift twin gods of dawn and rescue—to the sacrifice to accept the offered oblations and bring strength, joy, and abundance. The hymn expands the invocation to the Viśve Devāḥ (All the Gods) and culminates in a luminous affirmation of Sarasvatī as the awakener of inspired thought (dhī), so that the rite becomes both an outer offering and an inner awakening of clarity.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.3

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • AshvinauMantras 1-3Aśvinau (the Aśvins, dual divinity)

    The Aśvins are the youthful divine twins who arrive swiftly (often in a chariot), bringing healing, rescue, refreshment, and auspicious brightness; they are addressed as lords of splendor and beneficent helpers who respond quickly to the call of the sacrificer.

  • IndraMantras 4-6invoked as Citrabhānu, the many-rayed luminous power
  • VishvedevasMantras 7-9Viśve Devāḥ (All the Gods) invited to the Soma offering
  • SarasvatiMantras 10-12Sarasvatī (with the Angirasic/ritual context of invoking assisting powers for the yajña)

Mantras

Mantra 1

अश्विना यज्वरीरिषो द्रवत्पाणी शुभस्पती । पुरुभुजा चनस्यतम् ॥

हे अश्विन, तुम दोनों तेज़ हो, हाथ जल्दी चलते हैं। तुम उजियारे खुशी के मालिक हो। हमारी यह भेंट स्वीकारो और इसे आगे बढ़ाओ। तुम बहुत कुछ देते हो, हमपर खुश हो जाओ और हमें और शक्ति दो।

Mantra 2

अश्विना पुरुदंससा नरा शवीरया धिया । धिष्ण्या वनतं गिरः ॥

हे अश्विन, तुम दोनों बहुत काम करते हो। तुम हीरो हो। तेज़ और उजियारी समझ लेकर आओ। तुम सही काम में स्थित हो। हमारी यह बातें सुनो और स्वीकारो।

Mantra 3

दस्रा युवाकवः सुता नासत्या वृक्तबर्हिषः । आ यातं रुद्रवर्तनी ॥

दो शक्तिशाली देवता, नासत्य भाई, तुम दोनों जवान हो और चमक रहे हो। सोम का रस निकल चुका है और हवन की जगह तैयार है। अब तुम यहाँ आओ। रुद्र के रास्ते से आओ, जो रास्ता साफ करता है।

Mantra 4

इन्द्रा याहि चित्रभानो सुता इमे त्वायवः । अण्वीभिस्तना पूतासः ॥

इंद्र, तुम आओ। तुम्हारी चमक बहुत रोशनी वाली है। सोम का रस तुम्हारे लिए निकाला है। उस्से कपड़े से साफ किया है, अब वो बिल्कुल शुद्ध है। तुम इस्को पियो और शक्ति पाओ।

Mantra 5

इन्द्रा याहि धियेषितो विप्रजूतः सुतावतः । उप ब्रह्माणि वाघतः ॥

इंद्र, तुम आओ। रिशि लोग तुम्हे बुला रहे हैं और उनकी सोच तुम्हे खींच रही है। जिसने सोम का रस निकाला है, उसके पास जाओ। उसकी मंत्राएं सुनो और उसकी इच्छा पूरी करो।

Mantra 6

इन्द्रा याहि तूतुजान उप ब्रह्माणि हरिवः । सुते दधिष्व नश्चनः ॥

इंद्र, जल्दी आओ। हमारी मंत्राएं तुम्हारी तरफ खींच रही हैं। तुम्हारे घोड़े बड़े और चमकदार हैं। सोम के रस में तुम्हारी खुशी और शक्ति डाल दो। हमें भी कुछ भाग मिल जाए।

Mantra 7

ओमासश्चर्षणीधृतो विश्वे देवास आ गत । दाश्वांसो दाशुषः सुतम् ॥

सब देवता, जो दुनिया को संभालते हैं, तुम सब यहाँ आओ। जो बंदा देनेवाला है, उसने सोम का रस निकाला है। तुम सब इस्को पियो और उसकी भक्ति को शक्ति दो।

Mantra 8

विश्वे देवासो अप्तुरः सुतमा गन्त तूर्णयः । उस्रा इव स्वसराणि ॥

सारे देवता पानी की शक्ति में तेज़ हैं। वो जल्दी आओ, जैसे सोम रस निकल रहा हो। सुबह की किरणें जैसे बहन-बहन हो, एक साथ चमक रही हैं।

Mantra 9

विश्वे देवासो अस्रिध एहिमायासो अद्रुहः । मेधं जुषन्त वह्नयः ॥

सारे देवता कभी हार नहीं मानते। वो जल्दी आते हैं और किसी से बैर नहीं रखते। यह हमारी समझ और भक्ति को स्वीकार करते हैं। अगर हम दिल से कुछ भी करते हैं, वो उसे अपना लेते हैं।

Mantra 10

पावका नः सरस्वती वाजेभिर्वाजिनीवती । यज्ञं वष्टु धियावसुः ॥

सरस्वती हमें साफ करती है। उनके पास शक्ति है और जीतने की ताकत है। वो हमारे पूजा को आगे बढ़ाती है। उनका असली धन सोच है।

Mantra 11

चोदयित्री सूनृतानां चेतन्ती सुमतीनाम् । यज्ञं दधे सरस्वती ॥

सरस्वती सच्ची बात को बोलने में मदद करती हैं। वो अच्छी सोच को जगाती हैं। हमारे दिल में पूजा बसा देती हैं।

Mantra 12

महो अर्णः सरस्वती प्र चेतयति केतुना । धियो विश्वा वि राजति ॥

सरस्वती एक बड़ी नदी है जो चमक रही है। वो अपनी चमक से हमें जगाती हैं। फिर हमारी सारी सोचें चमकने लगती हैं।

Inside Sukta 3

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    A direct invitation to the Aśvins—swift-handed, auspicious twin lords—to accept the sacrificer’s offerings and become pleased.

  2. Development

    The hymn broadens from the twin helpers to a wider sacrificial assembly, drawing in the Viśve Devāḥ to participate in the Soma and uphold the human worlds.

  3. Climax

    The culminating vision: Sarasvatī as the ‘great flood’ of plenitude who awakens by her banner of discernment, making inspired thoughts shine.

  4. Where it settles

    The rite ends not merely with acceptance of offerings but with inner illumination—dhī clarified and radiant—implying successful communion and strengthened sacrifice.

The deity: Aśvinau

  • Cosmic functionThey mediate the transition from night to day—guardians of dawn’s opening—restoring wholeness, rescuing from peril, and renewing vitality in the worlds of gods and humans.
  • Inner significanceThey symbolize rapid aid and the ‘twin’ powers of illumination and life-force that restore the seeker—clarity with energy, discernment with effective action—so the aspirant can move from obscurity to awakening.

The seer

  • Madhucchandas VaiśvāmitraVaiśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra-gotra / Kauśika lineage in later tradition) · Traditionally regarded as the seer of the opening sequence of the Rigveda (RV 1.1–1.11), shaping the inaugural tone of Vedic worship through concise Gāyatrī invocations and a strong emphasis on effective calling (āhvāna) and right offering (yajña).

Famous verses

dravatpāṇī (swift-handed)
Verse 1.3.1Sets the keynote: the Aśvins’ swift response and their role as beneficent acceptors who increase the worshiper’s strength and abundance.Read verse 1.3.1 →
viśve devāsa ā gata (O all gods, come here)
Verse 1.3.7Marks the expansion to the Viśve Devāḥ, framing the offering as a shared divine participation centered on the pressed Soma.Read verse 1.3.7 →
dhiyo viśvā vi rājati (all inspired thoughts shine forth)
Verse 1.3.12Provides the luminous close: Sarasvatī awakens discernment and makes all inspired thoughts shine, expressing the inner fruit of the sacrifice.Read verse 1.3.12 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Twin divinities (dual form)
  • Swift-moving, quick to respond
  • Healers and restorers
  • Auspicious, bringers of joy and vitality
  • Dawn-associated helpers of the sacrificer
  • Beneficent patrons of abundance and protection

Also by this seer

  • Traditionally attributed seer for RV 1.1–1.11 (early Mandala 1 hymns)
  • Associated with the Vaiśvāmitra hymn-collection style of brief, potent invocations to deities of ritual power and dawn

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the sacrificial space and kindled fire (Agni) as the ritual gateway (context from the opening sequence of Mandala 1).
  • Press/prepare Soma (or its ritual substitute in later practice) and set out offerings with purified intention.
  • Invoke the Aśvins as swift, auspicious lords; request acceptance of the offered iṣ (nourishing oblation) and protection/strength.
  • Extend the invitation to the Viśve Devāḥ (All the Gods) to partake of the pressed Soma and support the rite.
  • Conclude by invoking Sarasvatī as inspirer of dhī (illumined thought), sealing the ritual with clarity and right guidance.

Offerings

  • Soma (pressed juice)
  • Iṣ / nourishing oblation (often ghee, milk, grains as ritual ‘food’ of the gods)
  • Praise (stuti) as a verbal offering in Gāyatrī meter

Frequently Asked Questions

The Aśvins are twin Vedic gods known for swift arrival, healing, rescue, and bringing auspicious dawn-like brightness. In this hymn they are invited to accept offerings and increase the worshiper’s strength and well-being.

The hymn widens the invitation from the Aśvins to the entire divine assembly, asking all powers to come to the sacrifice and partake of the pressed Soma, supporting the rite and the human world.

Sarasvatī appears as the inspirer of insight: she awakens discernment (ketu) and makes inspired thoughts (dhī) shine. This shows the sacrifice aims not only at outer blessings but also inner clarity and illumination.

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