Rig Veda 5.2.6: Mandala 5, Sukta 2, Mantra 6

Sukta 5.2

Rishi: Atri (explicit: brahmāṇy atreḥ)

Devata: Agni (as vasām rājā, the sovereign dwelling)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वसां राजानं वसतिं जनानामरातयो नि दधुर्मर्त्येषु । ब्रह्माण्यत्रेरव तं सृजन्तु निन्दितारो निन्द्यासो भवन्तु ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.2.6

Transliteration

vasā́ṃ rājā́naṃ vasatíṃ janā́nām arā́tayo ní dadhur mártyeṣu | brahmā́ṇy átrer áva táṃ sṛjantu ninditā́ro nindyā́so bhavantu ||

Translation

Den König der Wohnstätten, die Heimstatt der Völker, haben die Feindseligen unter den Sterblichen festgesetzt. Die heiligen Worte Atris sollen ihn lösen; die Tadler sollen selbst tadelwürdig werden.

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Word by Word

• वसाम्: of the garments/coverings
• वसाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation to ‘राजानम्’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसा- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वसा’ = वसा/वसना ‘वस्त्र/आवरण’, ‘वसा’ also ‘fat’ in later usage; here ‘garments/coverings’)

• राजानम्: the king
• राजानम्: कर्म (object of ‘नि दधुः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वसतिम्: the dwelling-place, abode
• वसतिम्: कर्म (second object/apposition with ‘राजानम्’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसति- (प्रातिपदिक; from √वस् ‘to dwell’)

• जनानाम्: of the peoples
• जनानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive with ‘वसतिम्’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अरातयः: the hostile ones, enemies
• अरातयः: कर्तृ (subject of ‘नि दधुः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अराति- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अराति’ = hostile, non-giving, enemy)

• नि: down, into (as preverb)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• दधुः: they have placed/they placed
• दधुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धातु) ‘to place, put’

• मर्त्येषु: among mortals
• मर्त्येषु: अधिकरण (location: ‘among/in’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मर्त्य- (प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्माणि: the sacred prayers/formulas
• ब्रह्माणि: कर्म (object of ‘सृजन्तु’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक; neut. ‘sacred formulations/prayers’)

• अत्रेः: of Atri
• अत्रेः: सम्बन्ध (genitive with ‘ब्रह्माणि’)
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: अत्रि- (ऋषिनाम; प्रातिपदिक)

• अव: forth, down (as preverb)
• अव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• तम्: that (him/it)
• तम्: कर्म (object of ‘सृजन्तु’; referring to the hostile one/hostility)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सृजन्तु: let them send forth/let them release
• सृजन्तु: क्रिया (injunctive/imperative wish)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सृज् (धातु) ‘to let go, send forth, release’

• निन्दितारः: the revilers, blamers
• निन्दितारः: कर्तृ (subject of ‘भवन्तु’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निन्दितृ- (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √निन्द् ‘to blame’)

• निन्द्याः: blameworthy, to be blamed
• निन्द्याः: कर्तृ (appositional predicate with ‘निन्दितारः’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: निन्द्य- (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; gerundive/ya-participle from √निन्द् ‘to be blamed’)

• भवन्तु: let them be/become
• भवन्तु: क्रिया (benedictive/imperative wish)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु) ‘to be, become’