Rig Veda 7.60.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 60, Mantra 2
Sukta 7.60
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Sūrya in relation to Mitra-Varuṇa
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs confirmation)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एष स्य मित्रावरुणा नृचक्षा उभे उदेति सूर्यो अभि ज्मन् । विश्वस्य स्थातुर्जगतश्च गोपा ऋजु मर्तेषु वृजिना च पश्यन् ॥
Transliteration
eṣá syá mitrāvaruṇā nṛcákṣā ubhé úd eti sū́ryo abhí jmán | víśvasya sthātúr jágataś ca gopā́ ṛjú márteṣu vṛjinā́ ca páśyan ||
Translation
يا مِترا وفارونا، هذا هو سُوريا—العينُ التي تُبصرُ البشر—يطلعُ على كلا العالَمَين؛ حارسُ كلِّ ما يثبتُ وما يتحرّك، يُبصرُ بين الفانين المستقيمَ وكذلك المعوجَّ.
Word by Word
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → एष
स्यःthat (very one), he
स्यः:
Kartā (एषः के सह-सम्बन्धे) / deictic apposition
TypePronoun (enclitic/deictic)
Rootस (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → स्य
मित्रावरुणाMitra and Varuṇa
मित्रावरुणा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (dual compound)
Rootमित्र + वरुण (प्रातिपदिक-द्वन्द्व)
नृचक्षाःhaving men as their sight; watchers of men
नृचक्षाः:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootनृ + चक्षस् (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-प्रातिपदिक: ‘men-seeing’)
उभेboth (two)
उभे:
Kartā (उदेति इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootउभ (सर्व/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
उदेतिrises, goes up
उदेति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + इ (धातु: इ ‘to go’)
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards, over, upon
अभि:
Upasarga/Adverbial
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
ज्मन्the earth/ground, region
ज्मन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक ‘earth/ground/region’)
विश्वस्यof all, of the whole
विश्वस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
स्थातुःof what stands; of the stationary
स्थातुः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun (agent noun)
Rootस्थातृ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √स्था ‘to stand’ → स्थातृ ‘stander’)
जगतःof what moves; of the moving world
जगतः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootजगत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘moving world’)
चand
च:
Connector
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
गोपाःguardians, protectors
गोपाः:
Kartā (नाम-विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपा (प्रातिपदिक; go + √पा ‘to protect’)
ऋजुstraight, rightly
ऋजु:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial)
Rootऋजु (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; here adverbially)
मर्तेषुamong mortals
मर्तेषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
वृजिनानिwrongs, sins, crooked deeds
वृजिनानि:
Karma (पश्यन् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootवृजिन (प्रातिपदिक; ‘crookedness, sin, wrong’)
चand
च:
Connector
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
पश्यन्seeing, observing
पश्यन्:
Kartā (participial, agreeing with subject)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√पश् (धातु ‘to see’) → शतृ-प्रत्यय पश्यत्
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