Rig Veda 7.42.4: Mandala 7, Sukta 42, Mantra 4
Sukta 7.42
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vāsiṣṭha family, Mandala 7)
Devata: Agni (as Atithi, the divine guest)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical scan for certainty)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदा वीरस्य रेवतो दुरोणे स्योनशीरतिथिराचिकेतत् । सुप्रीतो अग्निः सुधितो दम आ स विशे दाति वार्यमियत्यै ॥
Transliteration
yadā vī́rasya revató duroṇé syónáśīr átithir ācíketat | suprī́to agníḥ sudhíto dámé ā́ sá viśé dāti vā́ryam íyatyai ||
Translation
حين يُعرَفُ، في دارِ البطلِ الغنيّ، الضيفُ الذي يجلبُ سُكنى هانئة، فإنَّ أَغْنِي—الراضي، الراسخَ في البيت—يهبُ للشعبِ الثرواتِ المرغوبةَ لِسَيرِهم المتقدّم.
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
वीरस्यof the hero/valiant man
वीरस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
रेवतःof the wealthy/splendid
रेवतः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootरेवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
दुरोणेin the house/dwelling
दुरोणे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootदुरोण (प्रातिपदिक)
स्योनशीरresting on a pleasant bed; comfortably lodged
स्योनशीर:
Kartā (with अतिथिः)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्योन-शीर (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
अतिथिःthe guest
अतिथिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
आचिकेतत्noticed/recognized; became aware
आचिकेतत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√चित् (चेतति) with आ-; reduplicated aorist stem
सुप्रीतःwell-pleased
सुप्रीतः:
Kartā (with अग्निः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + प्रीत (PPP from √प्री)
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
सुधितःwell-set/well-placed; well-kindled
सुधितः:
Kartā (with अग्निः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + धित (PPP from √धा)
दमेin the house/home
दमे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootदम (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards; forth
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सःhe (that one)
सः:
Kartā (refers to अग्निः)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
विशेto the clan/settlement (people)
विशे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (प्रातिपदिक)
दातिgives
दाति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√दा (ददाति)
वार्यम्a boon/choice gift
वार्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इयत्यैfor coming/approaching; for attainment
इयत्यै:
प्रयोजन-द्योतक (Dative of purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootइयति (स्त्री; abstract noun from √इ/√या ‘to go/come’ in Vedic usage)
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