Rig Veda 7.19.8: Mandala 7, Sukta 19, Mantra 8

Sukta 7.19

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha-gotra tradition for Maṇḍala 7; hymn context Indra-stuti)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; RV 7 Indra hymns predominantly Triṣṭubh—verify against pada count in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रियास इत्ते मघवन्नभिष्टौ नरो मदेम शरणे सखायः । नि तुर्वशं नि याद्वं शिशीह्यतिथिग्वाय शंस्यं करिष्यन् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.19.8

Transliteration

priyā́sa ít te maghavann abhíṣṭau náro madema śaráṇe sákhāyaḥ | ní turváśaṃ ní yā́dvaṃ śiśīhy atithigvā́ya śáṃsyaṃ kariṣyán ||

Translation

يا مَغَفان (إندرا)، في قُربك الحبيبِ المرغوب، لِنفرحْ نحنُ الأقوياءُ كأصحابٍ في الملجأ. اخفضْ تُرفَشَ، اخفضْ يادوَا؛ واشحذِ العزمَ لأتيثِغفا، الرائي الضيف، وأنتَ مُقبِلٌ على إنجازِ ما ينبغي أن يُشادَ به (نصرٍ مُضيء).

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Word by Word

• प्रियासः: dear, beloved (ones)
• प्रियासः: Kartā (वाक्य-कर्तृ/विशेष्यः ‘नराः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *prih₁- (dear) (semantic)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• ते: of you
• ते: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मघवन्: O bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक; इन्द्र-विशेषण)

• अभिष्टौ: in (your) help, in assistance
• अभिष्टौ: Adhikaraṇa (स्थितिः/अवसरः: ‘in the help/aid’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)

• नरः: men, heroes
• नरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)

• मदेम: may we rejoice / be exhilarated
• मदेम: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु)

• शरणे: in (your) shelter, protection
• शरणे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण (प्रातिपदिक)

• सखायः: friends, companions
• सखायः: Kartā (apposition to ‘नरः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• नि: down, forth; (as preverb)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• तुर्वशम्: Turvaśa (a man/tribe)
• तुर्वशम्: Karma
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: तुर्वश (प्रातिपदिक; जन/राजन्-नाम)

• नि: down, forth; (as preverb)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• याद्वम्: Yādva (a man/tribe)
• याद्वम्: Karma
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: याद्व (प्रातिपदिक; जन/राजन्-नाम)

• शिशीहि: impel, set in motion; drive (them)
• शिशीहि: — (क्रिया; आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शिशी (धातु; intens./desid. sense ‘to sharpen/urge on, set in motion’)

• अतिथिग्वाय: for Atithigva
• अतिथिग्वाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: अतिथिग्व (प्रातिपदिक; ऋषि-नाम)

• शंस्यम्: a praiseworthy (deed/act)
• शंस्यम्: Karma (as object/complement of ‘करिष्यन्’)
• Type: Adjective (verbal)
• Root: शंस्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √शंस् ‘to praise’ → शंस्य ‘praiseworthy/fit to be praised’)

• करिष्यन्: about to do / intending to make
• करिष्यन्: Kartā (participial predicate: ‘(you) being about to do’)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: कृ (धातु) + भविष्यत्-कृदन्त (करिष्यत्)