Rig Veda 3.7.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 7, Mantra 5

Sukta 3.7

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attribution for RV 3.7 in the Viśvāmitra maṇḍala)

Devata: Agni (as the ruddy/bull power of will and the bright ruler of ṛta)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; typical for RV 3rd maṇḍala hymns)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

जानन्ति वृष्णो अरुषस्य शेवमुत ब्रध्नस्य शासने रणन्ति । दिवोरुचः सुरुचो रोचमाना इळा येषां गण्या माहिना गीः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.7.5

Transliteration

jānanti vṛ́ṣṇo aruṣásya śévam utá bradhnásya śā́sane raṇanti | divó-rúcaḥ su-rúcaḥ rۆcamānā íḷā yéṣāṃ gáṇyā mā́hinā gī́ḥ ||

Translation

إنهم يعرفون الخيرَ المُبهِجَ للجبّارِ الأَحمرِ، ويُدوّون في سلطانِ المُضيءِ. أنوارُ السماء—مُشرِقةً بإشراقٍ قويم—تزيدُ لمعانَها: أولئك الذين فيهم تصيرُ الكلمةُ (gīḥ) جديرةً بالاستدعاء بعظمةٍ، وتستيقظُ القُربانُ الباطنُ (iḷā).

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Word by Word

• जानन्ति: they know
• जानन्ति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ज्ञा (jñā)

• वृष्णः: of the bull / of the mighty one
• वृष्णः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन् (prātipadika)

• अरुषस्य: of the ruddy one
• अरुषस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अरुष (prātipadika)

• शेवम्: the favor / graciousness
• शेवम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: शेव (prātipadika)

• उत: and / also
• उत: (सम्बन्धक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (avyaya)

• ब्रध्नस्य: of the tawny one
• ब्रध्नस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: ब्रध्न (prātipadika)

• शासने: in/at the command, ordinance
• शासने: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: शासन (prātipadika; from √शास्)

• रणन्ति: they resound / ring
• रणन्ति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रण्/√रन् (to sound, resound)

• दिवः: of heaven
• दिवः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (prātipadika: दिव्)

• रुचः: lights / splendors
• रुचः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुच् (prātipadika)

• सुरुचः: bright, fair-shining
• सुरुचः: कर्तृ (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुरुच् (su+ruč, prātipadika)

• रोचमानाः: shining, gleaming
• रोचमानाः: कर्तृ (विशेषण/सहक्रिया)
• Type: Participle (present middle)
• Root: √रुच् (kṛdanta: रोचमान)

• इळा: Iḷā (the goddess of refreshment/oblation)
• इळा: कर्तृ/विषय (नाम)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इळा/इडा (prātipadika)

• येषाम्: of whom / whose
• येषाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-stem)

• गण्या: to be reckoned/esteemed
• गण्या: कर्तृ (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गण्य (kṛdanta-adj; from √गण् ‘to count, reckon’)

• माहिना: by (their) might
• माहिना: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: माहिन्/माहिना (prātipadika; ‘might, greatness’)

• गीः: song / hymn
• गीः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: गी/गिर् (prātipadika)