Rig Veda 10.111.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 111, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.111
Devata: Indra (vṛṣabha; associated epithet Gāṛṣṭeya)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires pada-count verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऋतस्य हि सदसो धीतिरद्यौत्सं गार्ष्टेयो वृषभो गोभिरानट् । उदतिष्ठत्तविषेणा रवेण महान्ति चित्सं विव्याचा रजांसि ॥
Transliteration
ṛtásya hí sádaso dhītír ádyaut sáṃ gāṛṣṭeyó vṛṣabhó góbhir ānaṭ | úd atiṣṭhat taviṣéṇā ráveṇa mahā́nti cit sáṃ vivyāca rájāṃsi ||
Translation
في مجلس الحقّ أشرقَتْ بصيرةُ Ṛta؛ وخارَ الثورُ، غāṛṣṭeya، مع الأشعّة. نهضَ بقوّةٍ وبصيحته، فشقَّ حتى الفضاءاتِ العظيمةَ ووسَّعها، مُفسِحًا مجالًا لمسيرِ النور.
Word by Word
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) / अधिकरण-सम्बन्धः (with सदसः)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गतौ/ऋ- ‘to go, to fit’; semantic ‘cosmic order, truth’)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
सदसःof the seat/assembly
सदसः:
सम्बन्ध (with धीतिः)
TypeNoun
Rootसदस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √सद् (सीदति) ‘to sit’ → ‘assembly, seat, session’
धीतिःthought, insight, hymn-thought
धीतिः:
कर्तृ/विषय (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootधीति (प्रातिपदिक) < √धी (धी- ‘to think, to perceive’)
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
अधिकरण (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
औत्सम्spring-born / from the source (epithet)
औत्सम्:
कर्म (qualifying object वृृषभम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootऔत्स (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘उत्स-सम्बद्ध’ < उत्स ‘spring, source’)
गा॑र्ष्टेयःGārṣṭeya (a patronymic/descendant of Gārṣṭi)
गा॑र्ष्टेयः:
कर्तृ (agent; apposition to वृृषभः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootगा॑र्ष्टेय (विशेषण/नाम; patronymic from गार्ष्टि/गृष्टि; ‘of Gārṣṭi/descendant’)
वृषभःthe bull (strong one)
वृषभः:
कर्तृ (agent of आनट्)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष् ‘to rain, to be strong’ → ‘bull’
गोभिःwith cows / with rays (as means)
गोभिः:
करण (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक) ‘cow; ray; cattle’
आनट्roared, sounded forth
आनट्:
क्रिया (of the subject वृषभः)
TypeVerb
Root√नट्/नद् (Vedic: ‘to sound, roar’; perfect/aorist-like injunctive usage) with preverb आ-
उद्up, forth
उद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउद् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अतिष्ठत्stood up, arose
अतिष्ठत्:
क्रिया (same agent as prior clause, implicit)
TypeVerb
Root√स्था ‘to stand’ (with उद्)
तविषेणwith might, by strength
तविषेण:
करण (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतविष (प्रातिपदिक) ‘strength, might’
रवेणwith a roar
रवेण:
करण (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootरव (प्रातिपदिक) ‘roar, sound’
महान्तिgreat
महान्ति:
कर्म-विशेषण (qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहन्त् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक) ‘great’
चित्even, indeed
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
सम्together, completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
विव्याचspread out, extended
विव्याच:
क्रिया (agent implicit: the bull/subject)
TypeVerb
Root√व्यच्/विच् (Vedic: ‘to extend, spread, pervade’) with preverb वि-; reduplicated perfect
रजांसिthe regions/spaces
रजांसि:
कर्म (object of विव्याच)
TypeNoun
Rootरजस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘space, region; dust; atmosphere’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.