Rig Veda 1.30.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 30, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.30
Rishi: Kakṣīvān Dairghatamasa (traditional attribution for RV 1.30)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable for RV 1.30.3; requires pada-length verification in a full metrical scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सं यन्मदाय शुष्मिण एना ह्यस्योदरे । समुद्रो न व्यचो दधे ॥
Transliteration
saṃ yán madā́ya śuṣmíṇa enā́ hí asyodáre | samudró ná vyáco dadhe ||
Translation
حين تُجمَع هذه القوى لنشوةِ القويّ، إذ إنّها مُحتواةٌ في بطنه؛ فهو كالمحيط يضمّ سَعةً فسيحةً لا حدّ لها.
Word by Word
सम्together, completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग) / सम् (अव्यय)
यत्which, that
यत्:
Karma (यत् = ‘which/that’ as object of दधे) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मदायfor exhilaration, for intoxication
मदाय:
Sampradāna (उद्देश्य/प्रयोजन; ‘for exhilaration/intoxication’)
TypeNoun
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक)
शुष्मिणेto/for the mighty (one)
शुष्मिणे:
Sampradāna (दत्तव्य-लक्ष्य; ‘to the mighty one’)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootशुष्मिन् (प्रातिपदिक; शुष्म ‘बल’ + इन्)
एनाwith these (things/means)
एना:
Karaṇa (instrumental: ‘with these’)
TypePronoun
Rootएना (सर्वनाम/अव्यय-प्रयोग; ‘एतद्’ से)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
अस्यof him, of this
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of him/its’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उदरेin the belly
उदरे:
Adhikaraṇa (locus: ‘in the belly’)
TypeNoun
Rootउदर (प्रातिपदिक)
समुद्रःthe ocean
समुद्रः:
Kartā (subject of दधे)
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-निपात)
व्यचःexpanse, breadth, wide extent
व्यचः:
Karma (object of दधे)
TypeNoun
Rootव्यचस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘विस्तार/व्याप्ति’)
दधेhas placed/put; has set (forth)
दधे:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु)
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