Rig Veda Sukta 190
Mandala 1Sukta 1908 Mantras

Sukta 190

Sukta 1.190

Devata

Bṛhaspati

Chandas

Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (uncertain here; not recomputed and the transmitted line-length suggests possible Jagatī tendencies)

يمدح هذا النشيد بْرِهَسْبَتِي بوصفه «الثور» الذي لا يكلّ لِكلام الإلهام، والذي تُسمَع أناشيده المضيئة لدى الآلهة ولدى البشر الساعين إلى التجدد. ويسأل أن تُمنَح الثروة الحقّة—القوة البطولية، والهداية القويمة، والوفرة المثمرة—للجديرين وحدهم، لا لأولئك الذين يقتربون من الإلهي طلبًا لمكسبٍ لطيف فحسب. وهكذا يربط السُّكتا بين المديح (stuti) والاستحقاق الباطني (adhikāra) وحسن استعمال الكلام المقدّس.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.190

Mantras

Mantra 1

अनर्वाणं वृषभं मन्द्रजिह्वं बृहस्पतिं वर्धया नव्यमर्कैः । गाथान्यः सुरुचो यस्य देवा आशृण्वन्ति नवमानस्य मर्ताः ॥

بأناشيدَ جديدةٍ زِدْ بْرِهَسْبَتي (Bṛhaspati) نماءً—الثورَ الذي لا يكلّ، ذا اللسانِ الطروب. هو الذي تُصغي الآلهةُ إلى أناشيده المضيئة، وكذلك البشرُ الطالبون للتجدّد. فلتنْمُ فينا قوّةُ الكلمةِ المُلهَمة حتى تصيرَ هدايةً حقّةً مُنيرة.

Mantra 2

तमृत्विया उप वाचः सचन्ते सर्गो न यो देवयतामसर्जि । बृहस्पतिः स ह्यञ्जो वरांसि विभ्वाभवत्समृते मातरिश्वा ॥

إليه تقترب الأقوالُ الموافقةُ للفصول—كفيضٍ يطلقه لمن يبتغون الإلهيّ. فإنَّ بْرِهَسْبَتِي، إذ يصيرُ شاملاً لكلّ شيء، يُقيمُ أصفى الوفوراتِ مستقيمةً في حقِّ Ṛta؛ وماتاريشْفانُ يجمعُها في انسجامٍ واحد.

Mantra 3

उपस्तुतिं नमस उद्यतिं च श्लोकं यंसत्सवितेव प्र बाहू । अस्य क्रत्वाहन्यो यो अस्ति मृगो न भीमो अरक्षसस्तुविष्मान् ॥

يرفعُ التسبيحَ والانحناءَ إلى العُلا، ويمدُّ النشيدَ كما يمدُّ سافيتْرُ ذراعَيْه. وبإرادته هو قوّةُ النهارِ التي لا تُقهَر—كوحشٍ مُرعِبٍ للظلمةِ المعادية—جَبّارٌ، لا يحتاجُ إلى حراسة.

Mantra 4

अस्य श्लोको दिवीयते पृथिव्यामत्यो न यंसद्यक्षभृद्विचेताः । मृगाणां न हेतयो यन्ति चेमा बृहस्पतेरहिमायाँ अभि द्यून् ॥

هذا النشيدُ يسري في السماء وعلى الأرض؛ حاملُ القوّةِ ذو البصيرةِ يسوقه كجوادٍ سريع. وتندفعُ طعناتُه كسهامِ الوحوش، ضدَّ خدائعِ الحيّة—ضدَّ الأيّامِ التي تُظلِّلها تلك السِّحرُ الأعوج، في ميدانِ بْرِهَسْبَتِي.

Mantra 5

ये त्वा देवोस्रिकं मन्यमानाः पापा भद्रमुपजीवन्ति पज्राः । न दूढ्ये अनु ददासि वामं बृहस्पते चयस इत्पियारुम् ॥

يا أيها الإله، إن الذين يظنونك مجردَ واهبٍ لربحٍ مُستطاب—وقد اعوجّت سرائرهم—لا يحيون بالخير إلا عاريةً مُستعارة. لا تمنح كنوزك المحبوبة لذهنٍ كليلٍ مُثقَل؛ يا بْرِهَسْبَتي، إنما تجمع الحلاوة لمن كان أهلاً لحملها.

Mantra 6

सुप्रैतुः सूयवसो न पन्था दुर्नियन्तुः परिप्रीतो न मित्रः । अनर्वाणो अभि ये चक्षते नोऽपीवृता अपोर्णुवन्तो अस्थुः ॥

ليَسِرْ طريقُنا سيرًا حسنًا—كالمسلك الغنيّ بالمرعى الطيب؛ وليصِرِ المُسيطرُ العسيرُ وديًّا، كمِترا إذا رضي تمام الرضا. وأما الذين ينظرون إلينا بغير اندفاعٍ حقّ—منغلقين على أنفسهم—فليَقِفوا جانبًا، كاشفين ثم منصرفين عن سبيلنا.

Mantra 7

सं यं स्तुभोऽवनयो न यन्ति समुद्रं न स्रवतो रोधचक्राः । स विद्वाँ उभयं चष्टे अन्तर्बृहस्पतिस्तर आपश्च गृध्रः ॥

الذي تتآلف إليه الترانيمُ والتياراتُ الهابطة، كما تمضي الجداولُ مع ضفافها نحو المحيط—ذاك العارفُ يُبصر الأمرين كليهما في الباطن: بْرِهَسْبَتي الغالب، والمياهَ، قوةَ السعيِ المتلهّفة.

Mantra 8

एवा महस्तुविजातस्तुविष्मान्बृहस्पतिर्वृषभो धायि देवः । स नः स्तुतो वीरवद्धातु गोमद्विद्यामेषं वृजनं जीरदानुम् ॥

هكذا، من العظيمِ الجليل—المولودِ ولادةً واسعةً والقويّ—أُقيمَ بْرِهَسْپَتي، الثورُ، إلهًا. فليمنحْنا، إذا مُدِحَ، امتلاءً بطوليًّا وغِنىً مُضيئًا؛ ولْنَظْفَرْ بدافعِ الطلبِ وبحشدِ القتال، وبوفرةٍ سريعةِ العطاء.

Inside Sukta 190

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The hymn opens by urging the increase of Bṛhaspati through fresh hymns—praise as a living, renewing force of illumination.

  2. Development

    Bṛhaspati is portrayed as the source of bright songs and right guidance, while the hymn contrasts worthy seekers with those who approach the divine only for pleasant profit.

  3. Climax

    A decisive moral-spiritual assertion: Bṛhaspati does not grant dear riches to the dull or burdened mind; the ‘sweetness’ is gathered for the fit bearer.

  4. Where it settles

    The hymn closes with a complete benediction—heroic fullness, cattle-rich prosperity, right striving, and victory—grounded in sustained praise.

The deity: Bṛhaspati

  • In the VedaBṛhaspati is celebrated as the lord of prayer and sacred utterance (brahman), a powerful bull-like deity with a “rapturous tongue,” whose bright hymns and counsels are heard by the gods. He is invoked as the awakener of right inspiration, the gatherer of sweetness for the fit, and the giver of heroic and cattle-rich prosperity.
  • Cosmic functionHe orders the universe through inspired speech and wise counsel: establishing right direction, strengthening the sacrificial word, and enabling victory and increase through truth-aligned intelligence.
  • Inner significanceBṛhaspati signifies the awakened faculty of illumination in speech and thought—discriminative wisdom that makes mantra effective, purifies motivation, and turns desire for gain into fitness for truth and right action.

Famous verses

anarvāṇaṃ vṛṣabhaṃ mandrajihvam
Verse 1.190.1Sets the keynote: Bṛhaspati as unwearied bull of inspired speech, whose luminous songs are heard by gods and renewal-seeking mortals—linking praise with inner right-guidance.Read verse 1.190.1 →
ये त्वा देवोस्रिकं मन्यमानाः पापा भद्रमुपजीवन्ति पज्राः । न दूढ्ये अनु ददासि वामं बृहस्पते चयस इत्पियारुम् ॥
Verse 1.190.5Central ethical teaching: rejects a merely transactional approach to the divine; emphasizes that true wealth and sweetness are granted according to inner fitness and clarity of mind.Read verse 1.190.5 →
sa naḥ stuto vīravad dhātu gomad
Verse 1.190.8Concluding boon: asks for heroic strength, luminous riches, right striving, and victory—summarizing the hymn’s purpose as an integrated request for inner and outer prosperity.Read verse 1.190.8 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Lord of sacred speech (brahman) and counsel
  • “Bull” of strength and increase
  • Rapturous/eloquent tongue (mandrajihva)
  • Bestower of heroic vigor and ‘cattle’ (symbolic and literal prosperity)
  • Discriminating giver—boons follow inner worthiness

Also by this seer

  • No secure additional attributions; the rishi for RV 1.190 is not firmly established in the transmitted notices.

The rite, step by step

  • Ācamana and mental saṅkalpa: invoke clarity of speech and intention.
  • Kindle/approach the sacred fire (Agni) and establish a calm, attentive posture.
  • Recite RV 1.190 as stuti to Bṛhaspati, emphasizing ‘new hymns’ and luminous guidance.
  • Offer oblations while contemplating purification of motive (not mere gain-seeking).
  • Conclude with a request for vīra (heroic strength), go (increase), and iṣ (right striving), followed by śānti/closing.
  • Optional: repeat key verse(s) as japa for strengthening speech and discernment.

Offerings

  • Ghṛta (ghee) into Agni
  • Soma (where ritually appropriate)
  • Samidhs (fuel sticks)
  • Optional: fragrant offerings (dhūpa) as a symbolic ‘sweetness’ aligned with mantra

Frequently Asked Questions

Bṛhaspati is praised as the lord of sacred speech and wise counsel—the power that makes hymns luminous and guidance truthful, and that grants strength and prosperity.

The hymn teaches that real divine gifts come with inner fitness: Bṛhaspati’s ‘sweet’ riches and success are not for dull or crooked motives, but for those aligned with truth and right striving.

It can be recited with a ghee offering into fire (or as focused japa) to strengthen clarity of speech, discrimination in decisions, and the right kind of prosperity rooted in worthy intention.

Ask anything about Sukta 190 of the Rig Veda

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