Atharva Veda 20.21.11: Kanda 20, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 11

Sukta 21

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

य उ॒दृची॑न्द्र दे॒वगो॑पाः॒ सखा॑यस्ते शि॒वत॑मा॒ असा॑म । त्वां स्तो॑षाम॒ त्वया॑ सु॒वीरा॒ द्राघी॑य॒ आयुः॑ प्रत॒रं दधा॑नाः

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 20.21.11

IAST Transliteration

yé udṛ́cīndra devágopāḥ sákhāyas te śivátamā́ asáma | tvā́ṃ stóṣāmi tváyā suvī́rā drā́ghīya ā́yuḥ prataráṃ dádhānāḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

We, who are in the northern quarter, god-guarded—thy comrades—would be most graciously befriended, O Indra. Thee will I praise; with thee for our companion, rich in good heroes, bearing onward a longer life and better fortune.

Translation

نحنُ الذين في الجهةِ الشمالية، محفوظون بحراسةِ الآلهة—رفاقُك—نرجو أن تُحسنَ إلينا بألطفِ صداقةٍ، يا إندرا. إياكَ أُسبّح؛ ومعكَ رفيقًا، أغنياءَ بأبطالٍ صالحين، نمضي حاملين عمرًا أطول وحظًّا أَوفى.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (they)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उदृची: the upraised hymn/chant
• उदृची: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्-ऋच् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘उदृच्’ = उद्गता ऋच्/स्तुति:)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवगोपाः: protectors of the gods
• देवगोपाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवगोप (प्रातिपदिक; देव + गोप ‘protector of the gods’)

• सखायः: friends
• सखायः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: of you/your
• ते: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• शिवतमाः: most auspicious
• शिवतमाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिवतम (प्रातिपदिक; शिव + तमप् ‘most auspicious’)

• असाम: may we be
• असाम: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• स्तोषाम: may I praise
• स्तोषाम: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु (धातु)

• त्वया: with you/through you
• त्वया: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सुवीराः: having good heroes/valiant offspring
• सुवीराः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुवीर (प्रातिपदिक; सु + वीर ‘having good heroes/strong sons’)

• द्राघीय: longer
• द्राघीय: Karma
• Type: Adjective (comparative)
• Root: द्राघीयस् (प्रातिपदिक; comparative of द्राघ ‘long’)

• आयुः: life, lifespan
• आयुः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रतरम्: further, more (extended)
• प्रतरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Adverbial
• Root: प्रतर (प्रातिपदिक; comparative of प्र ‘further/forward’, ‘more’)

• दधानाः: bearing, bestowing
• दधानाः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: धा (धातु) → दधत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)

Attribution

Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance; not determinable from excerpt alone.

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī-type (requires scansion).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: shanta