Rig Veda 7.21.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 21, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.21

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

असावि देवं गोऋजीकमन्धो न्यस्मिन्निन्द्रो जनुषेमुवोच । बोधामसि त्वा हर्यश्व यज्ञैर्बोधा नः स्तोममन्धसो मदेषु ॥

Transliteration

asā́vi deváṃ goṛ́jīkam ándho nyàsmin índro jánuṣem uvoca | bodhā́masi tvā haryáśva yajñáir bódhā naḥ stómaṃ ándhaso mádeṣu ||

Translation

The divine pressing has been expressed—the soma that wins the Light; in it Indra, by his very birth, has spoken. We awaken to you, O tawny-horsed one, by our sacrifices; awaken for us to the hymn in the ecstasies of the soma.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• असावि: was pressed out (was expressed)
• असावि: Kriyā (finite verb of the clause)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सु (सुनोति) / √सू (सुवति) ‘to press/express (Soma)’

• देवम्: the god
• देवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• गोऋजीकम्: Go-ṛjīka (a specific epithet/name, traditionally of Soma)
• गोऋजीकम्: Viśeṣaṇa of ‘देवम्’
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: गो-ऋजीक (prātipadika; epithet)

• अन्धः: the Soma-juice
• अन्धः: Kartā (of ‘असावि’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्धस् (prātipadika)

• नि: down; into; firmly
• नि: Upasarga (modifies the verb ‘अस्मि’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (upasarga)

• अस्मिन्: in this (one/this place/this rite)
• अस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā (of ‘उवोच’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika)

• जनुषे: for birth; for (his) begetting/manifestation
• जनुषे: Sampradāna (purpose/for the sake of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनु (prātipadika) / (also analyzable as √जन् with dative sense)

• उवोच: said; spoke
• उवोच: Kriyā (finite verb of the clause)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (वक्ति) ‘to speak’

• बोधामसि: we take notice of; we awaken to; we recognize
• बोधामसि: Kriyā (finite verb; with object ‘त्वा’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बुध् (बोधति) ‘to notice, awaken, perceive’

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (2nd person pronoun)

• हर्यश्व: O you of tawny steeds (Indra)
• हर्यश्व: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun/Epithet
• Root: हरि-अश्व (prātipadika; vocative compound epithet)

• यज्ञैः: with sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (prātipadika)

• बोध: take notice! awaken!
• बोध: Kriyā (injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बुध् (बोधति)

• नः: of us; our
• नः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (possessor of ‘स्तोमम्’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (1st person pronoun)

• स्तोमम्: praise-hymn
• स्तोमम्: Karma (of ‘बोध’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (prātipadika)

• अन्धसः: of Soma-juice
• अन्धसः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (source/pertaining-to; with ‘मदेṣu’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्धस् (prātipadika)

• मदेषु: in the exhilarations; in the intoxications
• मदेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (prātipadika)