Rig Veda 7.13.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 13, Mantra 3

Sukta 7.13

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi) (traditional attribution for Maṇḍala 7)

Devata: Agni (especially Vaiśvānara aspect)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; standard for many RV 7 hymns/verses of this type)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

जातो यदग्ने भुवना व्यख्यः पशून्न गोपा इर्यः परिज्मा । वैश्वानर ब्रह्मणे विन्द गातुं यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.13.3

Transliteration

jā́to yád agne bhúvanā vyàkhyáḥ paśū́n na gopā́ iryàḥ parí-jmā́ | vaiśvā́nara bráhmaṇe vinda gātúṃ yūyáṃ pāta svastí-bhiḥ sadā́ naḥ ||

Translation

O Agni, when thou wert born and didst spread thy gaze over the worlds, like a herdsman guarding the rays (of light/knowledge), moving around and through all. O Vaiśvānara, discover for the soul’s aspiring Word (brahman) the path of passage; and may you (divine powers) guard us always with states of well-being.

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Word by Word

• जातः: born, arisen
• जातः: Kartā (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √जन् (जायते) / प्रातिपदिक: जात-

• यत्: when/that which
• यत्: (सम्बन्ध/उपपद) — यदा/यत्-सम्बन्धः
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि-

• भुवनानि: the worlds, beings/realms
• भुवनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन-

• वि: apart, forth, distinctly
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• अख्यः: became manifest/renowned; was proclaimed
• अख्यः: Kartā (अग्नेः)
• Type: Verb (participle used predicatively)
• Root: √ख्या (आख्याते) / क्त-ppp: आख्य-

• पशून्: cattle, creatures
• पशून्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु-

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• गोपाः: a herdsman, protector of cattle
• गोपाः: Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोपा- (गो + पा ‘protector’)

• ईर्यः: moving, hastening, active
• ईर्यः: Kartā (गोपाः-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √ईर्/ईरय् (‘to set in motion, to go’) / ईर्य-

• परिज्मा: going around, roaming about
• परिज्मा: Kartā (गोपाः-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: परिज्मन्- (परि + √ज्म/जम् ‘to go’ > ‘going around’)

• वैश्वानर: O Vaiśvānara (Agni as ‘belonging to all men’)
• वैश्वानर: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वैश्वानर-

• ब्रह्मणे: for the sacred formulation/prayer
• ब्रह्मणे: Sampradāna (हितार्थ/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्-

• विन्द: find, obtain
• विन्द: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (विन्दति)

• गातुम्: path, way, access
• गातुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गातु-

• यूयम्: you (all)
• यूयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• पात: protect
• पात: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा (पिबति/पाति ‘to protect’)

• स्वस्तिभिः: with well-being, with blessings
• स्वस्तिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वस्ति-

• सदा: always
• सदा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा

• नः: us/our
• नः: Sampradāna/Adhikaraṇa (रक्षणस्य ‘us’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्