Rig Veda 8.13.8 — Mandala 8, Sukta 13, Mantra 8
Sukta 8.13
Devata: Indra (as ‘patiḥ divaḥ’ within this hymn sequence; lordship of the luminous heaven)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
क्रीळन्त्यस्य सूनृता आपो न प्रवता यतीः । अया धिया य उच्यते पतिर्दिवः ॥
Transliteration
krīḷánty asya sūnṛ́tā ā́po na právatā yatī́ḥ | ayā́ dhiyā́ yá ucyáte pátir diváḥ ||
Translation
ถ้อยคำอันจริงแท้และสว่างไสวของท่านเริงร่ายและไหลบ่า ดุจสายน้ำที่พุ่งลงตามลาดเขา ด้วยความคิดที่ตื่นรู้ (dhī) นี้เอง ท่านจึงถูกประกาศว่าเป็นเจ้าแห่งสวรรค์
Word by Word
क्रीळन्तिthey play / sport
क्रीळन्ति:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रियापद)
TypeVerb
Rootक्रीळ् (धातु) / क्रीळ (प्रातिपदिक-आधारित)
अस्यof him / of this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सूनृताtrue/pleasant words; praises (the ‘sūnṛtās’)
सूनृता:
कर्तृ (क्रीळन्ति इत्यस्य कर्ता)
TypeNoun (abstract) / personified quality
Rootसूनृता (प्रातिपदिक) < सु- + नृ (नर/नृ) + ता (भाव)
आपःwaters
आपः:
उपमान (न-उपमा-प्रयोगे)
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
सम्बन्धक (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
प्रवताdown a slope; along the descent
प्रवता:
अपादान/अधिकारण (गत्यर्थे ‘from/along the slope’—उपमेय-सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootप्रवत् (प्रातिपदिक) < प्र- + वत् (ढाल/प्रवाह-युक्त)
यतीःgoing, flowing
यतीः:
कर्तृ (आपः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; उपमेय-कर्तृ)
TypeAdjective/Participle used as noun
Rootयती (प्रातिपदिक) < यत्/या (गत्यर्थ) + ई (स्त्री)
अयाwith this
अया:
करण (धिया इत्यस्य करणत्वे सह-विशेषणम्)
TypePronoun (demonstrative) used adjectivally
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धियाby/with (our) thought, insight, devotion
धिया:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (उच्यते इत्यस्य)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उच्यतेis called / is spoken of
उच्यते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) — कर्मणि प्रयोगः
पतिःlord, master
पतिः:
प्रथमा-सम्बन्ध (यः … उच्यते—इत्यस्य विधेय/नाम)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
दिवःof heaven / of the sky
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (प्रातिपदिक)
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