Rig Veda 10.21.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 21, Mantra 1

Sukta 10.21

Rishi: Unknown from provided excerpt (hymn-level attribution not supplied here)

Devata: Agni (Hotar, Pāvakaśociṣ)

Chandas: Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (uncertain from the excerpt alone; requires full metrical count by pāda)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आग्निं न स्ववृक्तिभिर्होतारं त्वा वृणीमहे । यज्ञाय स्तीर्णबर्हिषे वि वो मदे शीरं पावकशोचिषं विवक्षसे ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.21.1

Transliteration

ā́gniṃ na svavṛ́ktibhir hótāraṃ tvā vṛṇīmahe | yajñā́ya stīrṇábarhiṣe ví vo made śīráṃ pāvakáśociṣaṃ vívakṣase ||

Translation

ด้วยกิจอันเรารังสรรค์เอง เราขอเลือกท่าน โออัคนี ให้เป็นโหตฤ (Hotar) แห่งยัญญะ เพื่อพิธีที่ปูบรรหิษ (barhis) ไว้แล้ว ในความปีติอันเมามายของเรา ท่านปรารถนาจะสำแดงผู้ทรงพลัง—ผู้ชำระให้บริสุทธิ์ ผู้ส่องประกายด้วยเปลวเพลิงเรืองรอง

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Word by Word

• अग्निम्: Agni (as object of choice/praise)
• अग्निम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• स्ववृक्तिभिः: with our choices/acts of choosing (i.e., with our own selections/means)
• स्ववृक्तिभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व-वृक्ति- (प्रातिपदिक; स्व + वृक्ति < √वृज्/वृञ्ज् ‘to choose/arrange, prepare’ → ‘choice/selection; (ritual) preference/act of choosing’)

• होतारम्: the Hotṛ-priest; the invoker
• होतारम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ- (प्रातिपदिक; कर्तृ-नाम; √हु ‘to sacrifice, offer’)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (सर्वनाम)

• वृणीमहे: we choose
• वृणीमहे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृ (वृणीते) ‘to choose, select’

• यज्ञाय: for the sacrifice
• यज्ञाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ- (प्रातिपदिक; √यज् ‘to worship/sacrifice’)

• स्तीर्णबर्हिषे: for (him/it) whose sacrificial grass is strewn
• स्तीर्णबर्हिषे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Adjective (compound epithet)
• Root: स्तीर्ण-बर्हिस्- (समास; स्तीर्ण < √स्तृ ‘to strew’ (कृदन्त) + बर्हिस् ‘sacrificial grass’)

• वि: apart, forth, widely (intensifier)
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• वः: of you; your
• वः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (सर्वनाम)

• मदे: in (your) exhilaration/rapture
• मदे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद- (प्रातिपदिक; √मद् ‘to be exhilarated’)

• शीरेम्: refreshing drink/sap (milk-like draught)
• शीरेम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: शीरा- / शीर- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘milk/refreshing drink, sap’; RV usage)

• पावकशोचिषम्: having purifying flame/radiance
• पावकशोचिषम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (compound epithet)
• Root: पावक-शोचिस्- (समास; पावक ‘purifying’ < √पू ‘to purify’ + शोचिस् ‘flame, radiance’)

• विवक्षसे: you wish to speak/utter
• विवक्षसे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् ‘to speak’ with desiderative stem विवक्ष-