Rig Veda 1.141.9: Mandala 1, Sukta 141, Mantra 9

Sukta 1.141

Rishi: Dīrghatamas Āucathya (traditional)

Devata: Agni (with explicit linkage to Ādityas: Varuṇa, Mitra, Aryaman)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

त्वया ह्यग्ने वरुणो धृतव्रतो मित्रः शाशद्रे अर्यमा सुदानवः । यत्सीमनु क्रतुना विश्वथा विभुररान्न नेमिः परिभूरजायथाः ॥

Transliteration

tváyā hí agne váruṇo dhṛtá-vrato mitráḥ śāśadré aryamā́ su-dā́navaḥ | yát sīm ánu krátunā viśváthā vi-bhúr arā́n ná némíḥ parí-bhū́r ajā́yathāḥ ||

Translation

ด้วยท่าน โออัคนี วรุณะผู้ทรงวรตะมั่นคง มิตร และอริยมันผู้ให้ทานอันดี ย่อมถึงความบริบูรณ์; เพราะท่านบังเกิดโดยพลังแห่งเจตจำนง (กรตุ) แผ่ซ่านไปทั่วโลกทั้งปวง โอบล้อมมันไว้ดุจขอบล้อโอบซี่ล้อ

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Word by Word

• त्वया: by you / with you
• त्वया: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• धृतव्रतः: whose vow is firm / steadfast in ordinance
• धृतव्रतः: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धृत-व्रत (समास; धृत < √धृ ‘धारणे’ + व्रत)

• मित्रः: Mitra
• मित्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• शाशद्रे: has come/has approached (Vedic perfect sense)
• शाशद्रे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शंस्/शास्? (वैदिक रूप: शाशद्रे = परिपूर्ण/आवृत्त-प्रयोगः; प्रायः √शद्/√सद् ‘गमन/आसादन’ इत्यस्य वैदिक-परिपूर्णरूपं)

• अर्यमा: Aryaman
• अर्यमा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्यमन् (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)

• सुदानवः: good-giving, bountiful
• सुदानवः: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दानु (समास; सु + दानु/दान ‘दानशीलता’)

• यत्: when/that which
• यत्: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सीम्: indeed, just then
• सीम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सीम् (निपात/अव्यय; वैदिक)

• अनु: after, along, according to
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• क्रतुना: by (your) will/insight, by power of purpose
• क्रतुना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वथा: in every way, everywhere
• विश्वथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विश्वथा (अव्यय; ‘सर्वथा’)

• विभुः: all-pervading, mighty
• विभुः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विभु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अरान्: spokes
• अरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘आरा/अर’ = spoke of a wheel)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा-निपात)

• नेमिः: rim (of a wheel)
• नेमिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नेमि (प्रातिपदिक)

• परिभूः: you encompass / you surpass all around
• परिभूः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-√भू (धातु; ‘परितः भवति/अतिक्रामति’)

• अजायथाः: you were born / you arose
• अजायथाः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु; ‘जायते’)