Atharva Veda 5.21.4: Kanda 5, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 4

Sukta 21

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यथा॑ मृ॒गाः सं॑वि॒जन्त॑ आर॒ण्याः पुरु॑षा॒दधि॑ । ए॒वा त्वं दु॑न्दुभे॒ऽमित्रा॑न॒भि क्र॑न्द॒ प्र त्रा॑स॒याथो॑ चि॒त्तानि॑ मोहय

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 5.21.4

IAST Transliteration

yáthā mṛgā́ḥ saṃvijánte āraṇyā́ḥ púruṣād ádhi | evā́ tvaṃ dundubhe ’mitrā́n abhí kranda prá trāsayā́tho cittā́ni mohaya

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

As forest beasts are scattered in alarm at a man’s approach, so thou, O Drum—roar against the enemies; drive them forth in terror, and moreover bewilder their minds.

Translation

ดุจสัตว์ป่าในพงไพรแตกตื่นกระจัดกระจายเมื่อมนุษย์เข้าใกล้ ฉันใด กลองเอ๋ย เจ้าจงคำรามใส่ศัตรูทั้งหลาย ฉันนั้น จงขับไล่เขาให้หนีไปด้วยความหวาดผวา และยิ่งกว่านั้นจงทำให้จิตใจของเขาหลงมัว

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Word by Word

• यथा: just as / as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)

• मृगाः: wild animals / deer
• मृगाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग (प्रातिपदिक)

• संविजन्ते: tremble together / are startled
• संविजन्ते: Kriyā (कर्तृ-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विज् (विजँ, ‘कम्पने/भये’) + सम्

• आरण्याः: of the forest / wild
• आरण्याः: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आरण्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अरण्य-सम्बन्धी’)

• पुरुषात्: from a man / from a person
• पुरुषात्: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)

• अधि: because of / in regard to / near
• अधि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• एव: just so / indeed
• एव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दुन्दुभे: O drum (war-drum)
• दुन्दुभे: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुन्दुभि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमित्रान्: enemies
• अमित्रान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards / against
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• क्रन्द: cry out / roar
• क्रन्द: Kriyā (आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √क्रन्द् (क्रन्दँ, ‘आह्वाने/रवणे’)

• प्र: forth / strongly
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• त्रासय: frighten / terrify
• त्रासय: Kriyā (आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √त्रस् (त्रसँ, ‘भये’) → त्रासय (णिच् causative)

• अथो: and also / moreover
• अथो: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथो (अथ + उ; निपात)

• चित्तानि: minds / thoughts
• चित्तानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्त (प्रातिपदिक)

• मोहय: confuse / delude
• मोहय: Kriyā (आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मुह् (मुहँ, ‘मोहने’) → मोहय (णिच् causative)

Attribution

Rishi: As per AV anukramaṇī for this sukta

Devata: Dundubhi; secondarily Trāsa and Moha (terror and delusion as powers)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

Primary: bhayankara

Secondary: raudra