Atharva Veda 2.21.2: Kanda 2, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 2

Sukta 21

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सूर्य॒ यत् ते॒ हर॒स्तेन॒ तं प्रति॑ हर॒ यो॒३स्मान् द्वेष्टि॒ यं व॒यं द्वि॒ष्मः

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 2.21.2

IAST Transliteration

sū́rya yát te háras téna táṃ práti hara yó ’smā́n dvéṣṭi yáṃ vayáṃ dvíṣmaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

O Sūrya, with that thy burning glare—therewith bear him back, him who hateth us, whom we ourselves do hate.

Translation

โอ สุริยะ ด้วยแสงแผดเผาอันร้อนแรงของท่าน—ด้วยสิ่งนั้นจงตีกลับไปยังผู้นั้น ผู้ที่เกลียดชังเรา ผู้ที่เราก็เกลียดชัง.

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Word by Word

• सूर्य: O Sun
• सूर्य: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: whatever/that which
• यत्: कर्म (of implied verb ‘to take/turn back’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: of you/your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हरः: the yellow/fiery (ray/heat)
• हरः: कर्तृ/भाव (subject: ‘the yellow/fiery one’, i.e., ray/heat)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर (प्रातिपदिक)

• तेन: with that
• तेन: करण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रति: towards/against
• प्रति: दिशा/प्रत्यभिमुखता (towards)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• हर: carry/turn (him) away
• हर: क्रिया (imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु) — लोट् मध्यमपुरुष एकवचन

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ (relative subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मान्: us
• अस्मान्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• द्वेष्टि: hates
• द्वेष्टि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्विष् (धातु)

• यम्: whom
• यम्: कर्म (object of ‘द्विष्मः’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• द्विष्मः: hate
• द्विष्मः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्विष् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (specific ṛṣi attribution for this verse/hymn depends on Anukramaṇī tradition for AVŚ 2.21).

Devata: Sūrya (Sun), as bearer of haras/tejas and agent of retributive return.

Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh (to be confirmed against pada count in the received text).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: raudra

Secondary: vira