Rig Veda 8.2.39: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 39
Sukta 8.2
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
य ऋते चिद्गास्पदेभ्यो दात्सखा नृभ्यः शचीवान् । ये अस्मिन्काममश्रियन् ॥
Transliteration
yá ṛté cid gā́spadébhyo dā́t sákhā nṛ́bhyaḥ śácī-vān | yé asmín kā́mam áśriyan ||
Translation
సాధారణ ఆధారపదాలు లేకున్నా, శచీవాన్ ఇంద్రుడు వీర నరశక్తులకు సఖుడై కిరణాలను (గోవులను) దానమిచ్చును—ఈ కామము (దైవ ఆకాంక్ష) లో ఆశ్రయించిన వారికి.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
ऋतेwithout, except
ऋते:
अपादान (exclusion/exception)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते (avyaya; from √ऋ / ṛ ‘to go, be in order’ > ‘without, except’)
चित्even
चित्:
(particle/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (avyaya)
गास्पदेभ्यःfrom the cow-stalls / from the cattle-places
गास्पदेभ्यः:
अपादान
TypeNoun
Rootगास्पद (prātipadika; ‘place/seat of cows’ = cow-stall, pasture; गा + स्पद/पद)
दात्gave
दात्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दाने)
सखा(as) a friend
सखा:
कर्तृ (apposition to यः)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (prātipadika)
नृभ्यःto the men
नृभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (prātipadika)
शचीवान्the mighty/skillful one (Indra)
शचीवान्:
कर्तृ (qualifier of यः/सखा)
TypeAdjective
Rootशचीवत् (prātipadika; ‘possessing śacī’ = possessing power/skill; epithet of Indra)
येwho (those who)
ये:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
अस्मिन्in this (one), in him
अस्मिन्:
अधिकरण
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
कामम्desire, wish
कामम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (prātipadika)
अश्रियनresorted to, took refuge in
अश्रियन:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√श्रि (श्रयणे ‘to lean on, resort to’)
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