Rig Veda 8.45.13: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 13
Sukta 8.45
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विद्मा हि त्वा धनंजयमिन्द्र दृळ्हा चिदारुजम् । आदारिणं यथा गयम् ॥
Transliteration
vidmā́ hí tvā dhanam-jayám índra dṛḷhā́ cid ā-rújam | ādā́riṇaṃ yáthā gáyam ||
Translation
विद्मा हि त्वां धनंजयम्, इन्द्र, दृढमपि दारुजं; त्वमादारिणः—यथा गयम् (दुर्गं) भिन्द्यादेवम्।
Word by Word
विद्माwe two know
विद्मा:
(क्रिया) मुख्य क्रियापद
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ‘जानने’)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (विद्मा—‘know you’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (त्वद्-प्रातिपदिक)
धनंजयम्the wealth-winner
धनंजयम्:
कर्म (त्वा…धनंजयम्—‘you as wealth-winner’)
TypeNoun/Epithet
Rootधनंजय (प्रातिपदिक; धनम् + जय ‘conquering wealth’)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
दृळ्हाfirm, strong
दृळ्हा:
कर्म (आकृतिविशेषण—त्वा/धनंजयम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootदृळ्ह (प्रातिपदिक; ‘firm, strong’)
चित्even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
आरुजम्breaker, shatterer
आरुजम्:
(क्रिया/विशेषण) ‘breaking’ as an epithet of Indra
TypeVerb (finite, injunctive/aorist form used adjectivally)
Root√रुज् (रुजोँ ‘भङ्गे/विदारणे’)
आदारिणम्the splitter, cleaver
आदारिणम्:
कर्म (त्वा…आदारिणम्—‘you the splitter’)
TypeNoun/Epithet
Rootआदारिन् (प्रातिपदिक; आ-√दॄ/दर् ‘to split, tear’ से ‘splitter’)
यथाas, like
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
गयम्Gaya (as/like Gaya)
गयम्:
कर्म/उपमान-पद (यथा…गयम्)
TypeNoun (proper/common)
Rootगय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘Gaya’—नाम/स्थान/पुरुष) অথবা √गै (to sing) से व्युत्पत्ति सम्भव, परन्तु यहाँ नामरूप
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