Rig Veda 8.4.18: Mandala 8, Sukta 4, Mantra 18
Sukta 8.4
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage)
Devata: Pūṣan
Chandas: Jagatī (probable; requires full hymn metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
परा गावो यवसं कच्चिदाघृणे नित्यं रेक्णो अमर्त्य । अस्माकं पूषन्नविता शिवो भव मंहिष्ठो वाजसातये ॥
Transliteration
parā́ gā́vo yávasaṃ kác cid āghṛṇe nítyaṃ rékṇo amartya | asmā́kaṃ pūṣann avitā́ śivó bhava máṃhiṣṭho vājá-sātaye ||
Translation
परा गावो यवसं कच्चिदाघृणे नित्यं रेक्णो अमर्त्य। अस्माकं पूषन्नविता शिवो भव, मंहिष्ठो वाजसातये॥
Word by Word
पराaway, forth
परा:
क्रियाविशेषण (गत्यर्थे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरा (उपसर्ग/निपात)
गावःcows
गावः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
यवसम्fodder, pasture-grass
यवसम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootयवस (प्रातिपदिक)
कच्चित्whether indeed?, I wonder if
कच्चित्:
वाक्योपपत्ति (प्रश्न-निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित् (निपात)
आघृणेO compassionate one (epithet of Pūṣan)
आघृणे:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootआघृणि (प्रातिपदिक; पुं.)
नित्यम्always, continually
नित्यम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (काल/नित्यत्वे)
TypeAdjective/Adverb
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
रेक्णःof wealth, of riches
रेक्णः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootरेक्णस् (प्रातिपदिक; नपुं.)
अमर्त्यO immortal one
अमर्त्य:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun/Adjective (vocative)
Rootअमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्माकम्of us, our
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
पूषन्O Pūṣan
पूषन्:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (deity name; vocative)
Rootपूषन् (प्रातिपदिक; पुं.)
अविताprotector
अविता:
कर्तृ (भव-क्रियायाः)
TypeNoun
Rootअवितृ (प्रातिपदिक; पुं.; from √अव् ‘to protect’)
शिवःauspicious, gracious
शिवः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootशिव (प्रातिपदिक)
भवbe! become!
भव:
(आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवति)
मंहिष्ठःmost generous
मंहिष्ठः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootमंहिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘most bountiful’, superlative of मंह/मंहस्)
वाजसातयेfor the winning of the prize (strength/booty)
वाजसातये:
सम्प्रदान (उद्देश्य/प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootवाजसाति (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री.; ‘winning of prize/strength’)
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