Rig Veda 5.74.10 — Mandala 5, Sukta 74, Mantra 10
Sukta 5.74
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (sūkta-level traditional attribution)
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs critical metrical confirmation)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अश्विना यद्ध कर्हि चिच्छुश्रूयातमिमं हवम् । वस्वीरू षु वां भुजः पृञ्चन्ति सु वां पृचः ॥
Transliteration
aśvinā yád dha kárhi cic chuśrūyā́tam imáṃ hávam | vasvī́r ū́ ṣu vāṃ bhújaḥ pṛñcánti sú vāṃ pṛ́caḥ ||
Translation
हे अश्विनौ, यदा कर्हिचिद् यूयं सत्यम् इमं नः हवम् शृणुतः, तदा वां वस्व्यः भुजः प्रचुरं पृञ्चन्ति, सु वां पृचः अस्माभिः सह मिश्रन्ते अस्माकं वृद्ध्यै।
Word by Word
अश्विनाO Aśvins (the two horsemen)
अश्विना:
सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
TypeNoun (dual vocative, divine name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक) / अश्व (PIE *h₁éḱwos ‘horse’)
यत्whatever / which
यत्:
कर्म (of ‘hear’: ‘whatever/which’)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हindeed / surely
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootह (निपात)
कर्हिat any time / ever
कर्हि:
अधिकरण (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable (temporal adverb)
Rootकर्हि (अव्यय)
चित्even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (enclitic particle)
Rootचित् (निपात)
शुश्रूयातम्may you two hear
शुश्रूयातम्:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (श्रवणे) + desiderative/precative formation
इमम्this
इमम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हवम्invocation / call
हवम्:
कर्म (object of ‘hear’)
TypeNoun
Rootहव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘call, invocation’)
वस्वीःthe bountiful (feminine ones)
वस्वीः:
कर्तृ (of ‘sprinkle/fill’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootवस्वी (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक; ‘rich, bountiful’)
ऊindeed / now
ऊ:
—
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootऊ (निपात)
षुindeed
षु:
—
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootषु (निपात)
वाम्of you two / your
वाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
भुजः(your) two arms
भुजः:
कर्म/अधिकरण (that which is ‘sprinkled/filled’; object-like with ‘पृञ्चन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootभुज् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘arm, forearm’; also ‘enjoyer’ but here ‘arms’)
पृञ्चन्तिthey sprinkle / they fill
पृञ्चन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पृच्/√पृञ्च् (सिञ्चने/पूरणे ‘to sprinkle, fill, anoint’)
सुwell / thoroughly
सु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय; intensifier ‘well, thoroughly’)
वाम्of you two / your
वाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पृचःsprinklings / libations (mixtures)
पृचः:
कर्तृ (of ‘sprinkle/fill’) or instrument-like ‘sprinklings’ depending on construal; here taken as subject with ellipsis of verb in pāda 2
TypeNoun
Rootपृच् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘mixture, sprinkling’; Vedic noun) / alternatively ‘पृच्’ as ‘sprinklings’
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