Rig Veda 5.42.16: Mandala 5, Sukta 42, Mantra 16
Sukta 5.42
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (traditional; verify in Anukramaṇī for this verse)
Devata: All-gods frame (devó-devāḥ) with Earth/Antarikṣa/Vanaspati/Oṣadhi invoked as supporting powers
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm by metrical count)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्रैष स्तोमः पृथिवीमन्तरिक्षं वनस्पतीँरोषधी राये अश्याः । देवोदेवः सुहवो भूतु मह्यं मा नो माता पृथिवी दुर्मतौ धात् ॥
Transliteration
práiṣa stómaḥ pṛthivī́m antárikṣaṃ vánaspatīṃ r óṣadhī rāyé aśyāḥ | devó-devāḥ suhávo bhūtu máhyaṃ mā no mātā́ pṛthivī́ durmatáu dhāt ||
Translation
प्रैष स्तोमः पृथिवीम् अन्तरिक्षं वनस्पतीन् ओषधीः राये अश्याः। देवो देवः सुहवो भूतु मह्यं; मा नो माता पृथिवी दुर्मतौ धात्॥
Word by Word
प्रैषःthe summons/impulse (goes forth)
प्रैषः:
कर्तृ (as subject: ‘the summons/impulse [goes forth]’)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-इष् (dhātu ‘to send/impel’) → प्रैष (prātipadika ‘sending, impulse; summons’)
स्तोमःthe hymn of praise
स्तोमः:
कर्तृ (co-subject with प्रैषः)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तोम (prātipadika) < √स्तु (stu ‘to praise’)
पृथिवीम्the Earth
पृथिवीम्:
कर्म (object of implied ‘reach/attain’)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (prātipadika)
अन्तरिक्षम्the midspace/atmosphere
अन्तरिक्षम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरिक्ष (prātipadika)
वनस्पतीन्the trees (lords of the forest)
वनस्पतीन्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवनस्पति (prātipadika ‘lord of the forest; tree’)
ओषधीःthe herbs
ओषधीः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि (prātipadika ‘herb, medicinal plant’)
रायेfor wealth
राये:
सम्प्रदान (purpose/benefit: ‘for wealth’)
TypeNoun
Rootराय्/राय (prātipadika ‘wealth, bounty’)
अश्याःmay I attain
अश्याः:
(speaker as) कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Root√अश् (aś ‘to reach, obtain’)
देवःthe god
देवः:
कर्तृ (subject of भूतु)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (prātipadika)
देवः(every) god
देवः:
कर्तृ (repetition/emphasis: ‘god upon god’)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (prātipadika)
सुहवःeasy to invoke
सुहवः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-हव (prātipadika ‘easy to invoke, graciously callable’) < √ह्वे (hve ‘to call’)
भूतुlet (him) be / may (he) become
भूतु:
(injunction)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (bhū ‘to be, become’)
मह्यम्for me
मह्यम्:
सम्प्रदान (to/for me)
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (asmad-pronoun)
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (prohibitive particle)
नःof us / our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (pronoun)
माताmother
माता:
कर्तृ (subject of धात्)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (prātipadika)
पृथिवीEarth
पृथिवी:
कर्तृ (appositional)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (prātipadika)
दुर्मतौin evil intent / into ill-disposition
दुर्मतौ:
अधिकरण (locus/condition: ‘in/under evil intent’)
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्मति (prātipadika ‘ill-thought, evil counsel, bad disposition’)
धात्may (she) place/put
धात्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√धा (dhā ‘to place, put’)
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