Rig Veda 5.1.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 1, Mantra 3
Sukta 5.1
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for RV 5.1)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदीं गणस्य रशनामजीगः शुचिरङ्क्ते शुचिभिर्गोभिरग्निः । आद्दक्षिणा युज्यते वाजयन्त्युत्तानामूर्ध्वो अधयज्जुहूभिः ॥
Transliteration
yád īṃ gaṇásya raśanā́m ájīgar śúcir aṅkte śúcibhir góbhir agníḥ | ā́d dákṣiṇā yujyate vāja-yánty uttānā́m ūrdhvó adhayaj juhū́bhiḥ ||
Translation
यदीं गणस्य रशनामजीगः, शुचिरग्निः शुचिभिर्गोभिः स्वयमभ्यङ्क्ते। अथ दक्षिणा युज्यते वाजयन्ती; स ऊर्ध्वः सन् उत्तानानि (बलानि) जुहूभिरूर्ध्वं दुहति।
Word by Word
यद्when
यद्:
Adhikaraṇa (काल) / सम्बन्ध-निर्देशक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (यद्-शब्द) सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक
ईम्indeed, then
ईम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootईम् (निपात/एन्क्लिटिक)
गणस्यof the troop, of the host
गणस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the troop/host’
TypeNoun
Rootगण (प्रातिपदिक)
रशनाम्the rein, the strap
रशनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरशना (प्रातिपदिक)
अजीगःyou sang/intoned
अजीगः:
Kartā (implicit ‘त्वम्’)
TypeVerb
Rootगै/गि (धातु: गा/गै ‘to sing/chant’; reduplicated aorist)
शुचिःbright, pure
शुचिः:
Kartā (with अग्निः) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
अङ्क्तेanoints, smears
अङ्क्ते:
Kartā (अग्निः)
TypeVerb
Rootअञ्ज् (धातु) ‘to anoint, smear’
शुचिभिःwith pure (ones)
शुचिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
गोभिःwith cows; with rays (metaph.)
गोभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni (Fire)
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
आत्then, thereupon
आत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआत् (निपात/अव्यय)
दक्षिणाthe dakṣiṇā (priestly gift/fee)
दक्षिणा:
Kartā (with युज्यते) / विषय
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
युज्यतेis yoked, is joined
युज्यते:
Kartā (दक्षिणा)
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु) ‘to yoke, join’
वाजयन्तिthey make (one) win; they invigorate; they win prizes
वाजयन्ति:
Kartā (implicit agents: priests/offerers) ; कर्म = (दक्षिणाम् implied) / or ‘they win prizes’
TypeVerb
Rootवाजय् (नामधातु/denom. from वाज ‘prize, strength’) ‘to make win, to invigorate’
उत्तानाम्outstretched
उत्तानाम्:
Karma (object of अधयत्) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तान (प्रातिपदिक; from ud+tan ‘stretched upward/out’)
ऊर्ध्वःupright, raised
ऊर्ध्वः:
Kartā (with implicit subject, likely अग्निः) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्ध्व (प्रातिपदिक)
अधयत्he placed, he set
अधयत्:
Kartā (implicit: अग्निः) ; Karma = जुहूम्
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु) ‘to place, set’ with preverb अधि-
जुहूभिःwith ladles (offering-spoons)
जुहूभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootजुहू (प्रातिपदिक)
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