Rig Veda 4.38.10: Mandala 4, Sukta 38, Mantra 10
Sukta 4.38
Rishi: Dadhikrāvan (hymnic subject) / Maṇḍala 4 collection
Devata: Dadhikrā (victorious steed) with solar imagery as supporting comparison
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ दधिक्राः शवसा पञ्च कृष्टीः सूर्य इव ज्योतिषापस्ततान । सहस्रसाः शतसा वाज्यर्वा पृणक्तु मध्वा समिमा वचांसि ॥
Transliteration
ā́ dadhikrā́ḥ śávasā páñca kṛṣṭī́ḥ sū́rya iva jyótiṣā́paḥ tatāna | sahasrasā́ḥ śatasā́ vājī́ árvā pṛṇáktu mádhvā sám imā́ vácāṃsi ||
Translation
दधिक्राः स्वशवसा पञ्च कृष्टीर् आ ततान, सूर्य इव ज्योतिषा आपः प्रसारयन्। सहस्रसाः शतसाः वाज्यर्वा मध्वा समिमा वचांसि पृणक्तु।
Word by Word
आtowards; forth (preverb)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga) / ā (avyaya)
दधिक्राःDadhikrā (the divine steed)
दधिक्राः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (proper/name)
Rootदधिक्रावन् (prātipadika)
शवसाwith might, by strength
शवसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (prātipadika)
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
—
TypeNumeral
Rootपञ्चन् (numeral stem)
कृष्टीःpeoples; tribes
कृष्टीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्टि (prātipadika)
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Kartā (of implied comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (prātipadika)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (avyaya)
ज्योतिषाwith light, by radiance
ज्योतिषा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (prātipadika)
अपस्ततानhas stretched out; has spread
अपस्ततान:
—
TypeVerb
Rootतन् (धातु) with preverb अप-
सहस्रसाःwinning a thousand; thousand-fold victorious
सहस्रसाः:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसहस्रस (prātipadika; ‘having a thousand [gains/strengths]’)
शतसाःwinning a hundred; hundred-fold victorious
शतसाः:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशतस (prātipadika; ‘having a hundred [gains/strengths]’)
वाज्यर्वाthe prize-winning steed (horse)
वाज्यर्वा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootवाजिन् (prātipadika) + अर्वन् (prātipadika)
पृणक्तुlet (him) fill; may (he) satisfy
पृणक्तु:
—
TypeVerb
Rootपॄ (धातु)
मध्वाwith sweetness; with honey (mead)
मध्वा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (prātipadika)
सम्together; completely (preverb)
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (upasarga)
इमाthese
इमा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (pronoun stem)
वचांसिwords; utterances
वचांसि:
Karma (apposition to इमा)
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (prātipadika)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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