Rig Veda 4.3.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 3, Mantra 1
Sukta 4.3
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for Mandala 4)
Devata: Agni (with Rudra-epithet/force invoked as king and hotṛ)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 4.3; verse-length and cadence fit the dominant meter of this section)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ वो राजानमध्वरस्य रुद्रं होतारं सत्ययजं रोदस्योः । अग्निं पुरा तनयित्नोरचित्ताद्धिरण्यरूपमवसे कृणुध्वम् ॥
Transliteration
ā vo rājānam adhvarásya rudráṃ hotā́raṃ satyá-yajaṃ rodasyoḥ | agníṃ purā tanayitnór acittā́d híraṇya-rūpam ávase kṛṇudhvam ||
Translation
आ वः अध्वरस्य राजानं रुद्रं होतारं सत्ययजं रोदस्योः। अग्निं पुरा तनयित्नोः अचित्तात् हिरण्यरूपम् अवसे कृणुध्वम्।
Word by Word
आhither, towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
वःfor you; of you
वः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
अध्वरस्यof the sacrifice (adhvara)
अध्वरस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर
रुद्रम्Rudra
रुद्रम्:
Karma (apposition to राजानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
होतारम्the Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
होतारम्:
Karma (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ
सत्ययजम्the true sacrificer
सत्ययजम्:
Karma (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य-यज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘true’ + ‘sacrificing’)
रोदस्योःof Heaven and Earth
रोदस्योः:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootरोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; ‘heaven-and-earth’)
अग्निम्Agni
अग्निम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
पुराformerly, of old
पुरा:
Adhikaraṇa (temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
तनयित्नोःof the begetter/offspring (tanayitnu)
तनयित्नोः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootतनयित्नु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘offspring/lineage’/‘begetting’ sense, Vedic)
अचित्तात्from the unperceived/unknown (state/source)
अचित्तात्:
Apādāna
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअ-चित्त (प्रातिपदिक; ‘unperceived/unknown’)
हिरण्यरूपम्golden-formed
हिरण्यरूपम्:
Karma (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्य-रूप (प्रातिपदिक; ‘golden-formed’)
अवसेfor help, for protection
अवसे:
Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘aid, protection’)
कृणुध्वम्make (him), establish; do
कृणुध्वम्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करणे)
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