Rig Veda 4.23.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 23, Mantra 1
Sukta 4.23
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for RV 4.23)
Devata: Indra (implied by Soma-drinking and growth; hymn continues questioning his modes)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कथा महामवृधत्कस्य होतुर्यज्ञं जुषाणो अभि सोममूधः । पिबन्नुशानो जुषमाणो अन्धो ववक्ष ऋष्वः शुचते धनाय ॥
Transliteration
kathā́ mahā́m avṛdhat kásya hótur yajñáṃ juṣāṇó abhí sómam ū́dhaḥ | píban nuśānó juṣámāṇo ándho vavakṣé ṛṣváḥ śúcate dhánāya ||
Translation
कथा स महामवृधत्? कस्य होतुः यज्ञं जुषाणः सोमम् ऊधः इवाभि अवर्तत? पिबन् उशानः जुषमाणोऽन्धः, ऋष्वः स धानाय शुचते ववक्ष।
Word by Word
कथाhow?
कथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथा (प्रश्नाव्यय)
महाम्great (her/it)
महाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
अवृधत्grew; increased
अवृधत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
कस्यof whom?
कस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
होतुःof the Hotar (priest)
होतुः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञम्sacrifice; rite
यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
जुषाणःenjoying; accepting
जुषाणः:
Kartā (with implied subject)
TypeVerb
Rootजुष्
अभिtowards; upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सोमम्Soma (drink)
सोमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊधःudder; swelling source
ऊधः:
Adhikaraṇa/विशेष्य (contextual: ‘udder’ as source/seat)
TypeNoun
Rootऊधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
पिबन्drinking
पिबन्:
Kartā (with implied subject)
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
उशानःdesiring; eager
उशानः:
Kartā-विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootवश्/उश् (कामयते) / उशान (प्रातिपदिक)
जुषमाणःaccepting; enjoying
जुषमाणः:
Kartā-विशेषण
TypeVerb
Rootजुष्
अन्धःSoma-juice; pressed draught
अन्धः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्धस् (प्रातिपदिक)
ववक्षhas grown strong; has waxed
ववक्ष:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवह्/वक्ष् (ववक्ष- परिपूर्ण/पर्याय: ‘to grow/strengthen’)
ऋष्वःlofty; exalted
ऋष्वः:
Kartā-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootऋष्व (प्रातिपदिक)
शुचतेshines; is bright
शुचते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
धनायfor wealth
धनाय:
Sampradāna (purpose/for)
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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