Rig Veda 4.1.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 1, Mantra 5
Sukta 4.1
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni (as helper at Dawn; mediator to Varuṇa)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
स त्वं नो अग्नेऽवमो भवोती नेदिष्ठो अस्या उषसो व्युष्टौ । अव यक्ष्व नो वरुणं रराणो वीहि मृळीकं सुहवो न एधि ॥
Transliteration
sá tváṃ no agne’vamó bhavotī́ nédhiṣṭho asyā́ uṣáso vyùṣṭau | áva yakṣva no váruṇaṃ rárāṇo vī́hi mṛḷīkáṃ su-hávo na edhi ||
Translation
स त्वं नोऽग्नेऽवमो भवोती नेदिष्ठोऽस्या उषसो व्युष्टौ। अव यक्ष्व नो वरुणं रराणो वीहि मृळीकं सुहवो न एधि॥
Word by Word
सःhe (that one)
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → स
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us / for us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
(सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
अवमःthe nearest / lowest (i.e., closest to us)
अवमः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवम (प्रातिपदिक)
भवोतिbecomes / is
भवोति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
नेदिष्ठःmost near
नेदिष्ठः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिदिष्ठ (अतिशय-प्रातिपदिक; निः/नेद् + इष्ठ)
अस्याःof this
अस्याः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उषसःof Dawn (Uṣas)
उषसः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
व्युष्टौat the dawning / at daybreak
व्युष्टौ:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootव्युष्टि (प्रातिपदिक; √वस्/उष् ‘to shine, dawn’ with वि-)
अवdown; forth (as directive)
अव:
(क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/निपात)
यक्ष्वworship / offer (sacrifice)
यक्ष्व:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयज् (धातु; वेदिक-आदेशः √यक्ष्)
नःto us / for us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणम्Varuṇa
वरुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
रराणःrejoicing / gladly
रराणः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple
Root√रा/रम् (धातु; ‘to delight, rejoice’) → रराण (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
वीहिconvey / bring
वीहि:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु) + वि-
मृळीकम्mercy / graciousness
मृळीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृळीक (प्रातिपदिक)
सुहवःwell-invoked
सुहवः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-हव (प्रातिपदिक; सु + हव ‘well-invoked’)
नःfor us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एधिbe kindled / prosper
एधि:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootइध् (धातु; ‘to kindle, prosper’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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