Rig Veda 3.62.17: Mandala 3, Sukta 62, Mantra 17

Sukta 3.62

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Mitra-Varuṇa (continued address; epithets align with their sovereignty and ṛta)

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उरुशंसा नमोवृधा मह्ना दक्षस्य राजथः । द्राघिष्ठाभिः शुचिव्रता ॥

Transliteration

uruśáṃsā namovṛ́dhā mahnā́ dákṣasya rājathaḥ | drā́ghiṣṭhābhiḥ śucivratā ||

Translation

उरुशंसौ नमोवृधौ, मह्ना दक्षस्य राजथः। द्राघिष्ठाभिः शक्तिभिः, हे शुचिव्रतौ।

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Word by Word

• उरुशंसा: O wide-praised (one)
• उरुशंसा: सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: उरु- (प्रा.) + शंस (धातु √शंस् ‘स्तुति/प्रशंसा’) → उरुशंस- (प्रा.)

• नमोवृधा: O increaser of reverence / who grows by homage
• नमोवृधा: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: नमस् (प्रा.) + वृध (धातु √वृध् ‘वर्धन’) → नमोवृध- (प्रा.)

• मह्ना: by (your) greatness / by might
• मह्ना: करण (means: ‘by/with greatness’)
• Type: Noun (abstract/instrumental)
• Root: महत्/महि- (प्रा. ‘महत्त्व/महिमा’) → मह्ना (इन्स्ट्र.)

• दक्षस्य: of Dakṣa / of skill (power)
• दक्षस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of Dakṣa/of skill’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्ष- (प्रा. ‘दक्षता/शक्ति’; also divine name Dakṣa) संभवतः √दक्ष्/√दश्-सम्बद्ध

• राजथः: you two rule / reign
• राजथः: क्रिया (you two as kartā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √राज् ‘राज्ये/दीप्तौ’

• द्राघिष्ठाभिः: with the farthest-reaching / most extended (ones)
• द्राघिष्ठाभिः: करण (by/with the most far-reaching …)
• Type: Adjective (instrumental plural, qualifying an implied feminine plural noun e.g., ‘स्तुतिभिः/धियाभिः/ऋचाभिः’ depending on padapāṭha tradition)
• Root: द्राघिष्ठ- (तमतम/अतिशय: द्राघीयस्/द्राघिष्ठ ‘अत्यन्त दीर्घ/विस्तीर्ण’) < द्राघ- (प्रा.)

• शुचिव्रता: O of pure ordinances / pure-vowed
• शुचिव्रता: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: शुचि- (प्रा. ‘पवित्र’) + व्रत- (प्रा. ‘व्रत/नियम’) → शुचिव्रत-