Rig Veda 3.56.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 56, Mantra 5
Sukta 3.56
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attributed for RV 3.56 in the Viśvāmitra maṇḍala)
Devata: Savitṛ (dominant in RV 3.56; triadic cosmic ordering powers are invoked around Savitṛ’s impulsion)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 3.56; verify against pada count in a metrical index)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्री षधस्था सिन्धवस्त्रिः कवीनामुत त्रिमाता विदथेषु सम्राट् । ऋतावरीर्योषणास्तिस्रो अप्यास्त्रिरा दिवो विदथे पत्यमानाः ॥
Transliteration
trī ṣaḍhásthā síndhavas tríḥ kavīnā́m utá trímātā vidáthēṣu samrā́ṭ | ṛtā́varīr yóṣaṇās tisró apyā́s trír ā́ divó vidáthē pátyamānāḥ ||
Translation
षट्सधस्थे त्री सिन्धवः प्रतिष्ठिताः; त्रिः कवीनाṃ कर्म च; उत त्रिमाता विदथेषु सम्राट्। ऋतावरीर्योषणास्तिस्रोऽप्यास्त्रयः; त्रिरा दिवो विदथे पत्यमानाः।
Word by Word
त्रीthree
त्री:
Kartā (सम्बन्धः—विशेष्य ‘सिन्धवः’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (Numeral)
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) → स्त्रीलिङ्ग रूप
षधस्थाःthe six seats/abodes
षधस्थाः:
Karma (गत्यर्थ/प्राप्त्यर्थ—‘to/into the six seats’)
TypeNoun
Rootषधस्था (प्रातिपदिक; षध- ‘six’ + स्था ‘standing/places’ → ‘sixfold seats/abodes’)
सिन्धवःthe rivers/streams
सिन्धवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
त्रिःthrice
त्रिः:
Adhikaraṇa (क्रियाविशेषण—‘thrice’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिस् (अव्यय; संख्या-क्रियाविशेषण)
कवीनाम्of the seers/poets
कवीनाम्:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
उतand/also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
त्रिमाताshe who has three mothers
त्रिमाता:
Kartā (सम्बन्धः—अभिधेय स्त्रीलिङ्ग समूह/देवी)
TypeAdjective (Bahuvrīhi)
Rootत्रिमातृ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having three mothers’)
विदथेषुin the assemblies/rites
विदथेषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ (प्रातिपदिक)
सम्राट्the sovereign ruler
सम्राट्:
Kartā (apposition/epithet)
TypeNoun
Rootसम्राज् (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतावरीःthe ṛta-abiding (women/maidens)
ऋतावरीः:
Kartā (सम्बन्धः—‘योषणाः’)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootऋतावरी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing ṛta/true order’, ‘truthful/according-to-ṛta’)
योषणाःmaidens/women
योषणाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootयोषणा (प्रातिपदिक)
तिस्रःthree
तिस्रः:
Kartā (सम्बन्धः—‘योषणाः’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (Numeral)
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) → तिसृ (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
अप्याःwatery/of the waters
अप्याः:
Kartā (विशेषण—‘योषणाः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘belonging to/being in the waters’, ‘watery’)
त्रिःthrice
त्रिः:
Adhikaraṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिस् (अव्यय)
आtowards, unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
दिवःof/from heaven
दिवः:
Apādāna/Sambandha (genitive: ‘of/from heaven’)
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक ‘heaven/sky/day’)
विदथेin the assembly/rite
विदथे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ (प्रातिपदिक)
पत्यमानाःruling/acting as lords
पत्यमानाः:
Kartā (कर्तृवाचक कृदन्त)
TypeVerb-derived Participle
Rootपत् (धातु ‘to rule/be lord’) + यमान (वर्तमान-कृदन्त, आत्मनेपद)
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