Rig Veda 3.4.3: Mandala 3, Sukta 4, Mantra 3
Sukta 3.4
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional)
Devata: Agni (as Hotṛ; praised as vṛṣabha)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्र दीधितिर्विश्ववारा जिगाति होतारमिळः प्रथमं यजध्यै । अच्छा नमोभिर्वृषभं वन्दध्यै स देवान्यक्षदिषितो यजीयान् ॥
Transliteration
prá dī́dhitir viśvá-vārā jigāti hótāram iḷáḥ prathamáṃ yájadhyai | ácchā námo-bhir vṛṣabháṃ vandádhyai sá devā́ny ákṣad iṣitó yajī́yān ||
Translation
प्र दीधितिर्विश्ववारा जिगाति—यजध्यै प्रथमं होतारमिळः। अच्छा नमोभिर्वृषभं वन्दध्यै; स इषितो यजीयान् देवान् अयक्षत्।
Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
दीधितिःthe shining flame / radiance
दीधितिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदीधिति- (प्रातिपदिक; from √धा/√धि ‘to shine/think’, Vedic noun)
विश्ववाराall-choosing / winning all boons
विश्ववारा:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व- + वारा- (compound prātipadika)
जिगातिgoes, comes, advances
जिगाति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (gam) with reduplication (perfect-like present in Vedic)
होतारम्the Hotṛ-priest / invoker
होतारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ- (from √हु ‘to sacrifice/invoke’)
इळःIlā/Ida; the refreshing/praiseworthy one
इळः:
Kartā (apposition/epithet of Agni)
TypeNoun
Rootइळ- (Vedic form of इड/इळ ‘refreshment; praise; Ida/Ilā’)
प्रforth
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
प्रथमम्first, foremost
प्रथमम्:
Karma (with होतारम्: ‘as first/foremost’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootप्रथम-
यजध्यैto worship, to sacrifice
यजध्यै:
Prayojana (purpose)
TypeVerb (infinitive)
Root√यज् (yaj)
अच्छाtowards, unto
अच्छा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छा (indeclinable)
नमोभिःwith obeisances
नमोभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनमस्-
वृषभम्the bull (strong one)
वृषभम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ-
वन्दध्यैto praise, to salute
वन्दध्यै:
Prayojana (purpose)
TypeVerb (infinitive)
Root√वन्द् (vand) ‘to praise, salute’
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (pronoun)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव-
यक्षत्worshipped / offered to
यक्षत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√यज् (yaj) in desiderative/causative-like Vedic usage ‘to worship/offer’ (yakṣ-)
इषितःimpelled, urged on
इषितः:
Kartā (qualifier of सः)
TypeParticiple
Root√इष् (iṣ) ‘to impel’ (past passive participle)
यजीयान्more worthy of worship, most worshipful
यजीयान्:
Kartā (qualifier of सः)
TypeAdjective
Rootयजीयस्- (comparative from यज्य/यज ‘worthy of worship’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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