Rig Veda 3.32.9: Mandala 3, Sukta 32, Mantra 9
Sukta 3.32
Rishi: Gāthin Viśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 3.32)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अद्रोघ सत्यं तव तन्महित्वं सद्यो यज्जातो अपिबो ह सोमम् । न द्याव इन्द्र तवसस्त ओजो नाहा न मासाः शरदो वरन्त ॥
Transliteration
ádrogha satyáṃ táva tán mahitváṃ sadyó yáj jā́to ápībo há sómam | ná dyā́va indra távasas tá ojó náhā ná māsā́ḥ śarádo varanta ||
Translation
अद्रोघ इन्द्र, सत्यं तव तन्महित्वं—यत् सद्योजातोऽपि सोममपिबः। न द्याव इन्द्र तव तवस ओजो धारयितुं शक्नुवन्ति; नाहानि न मासाः शरदश्च तद् वरयन्ति।
Word by Word
अद्रोघO non-deceitful (one)
अद्रोघ:
सम्बोधन (उद्देश्य-सम्बोधन)
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्रोघ (प्रातिपदिक; a-द्रोघ < द्रोघ ‘द्रोह/हानि’)
सत्यम्truth; truly
सत्यम्:
कर्म/विधेय (contextual: ‘truth’ as stated object/predicate)
TypeNoun (abstract)/Adjective used substantively
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
तवof you; your
तव:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of you/your’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (त्वद्-प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म/विधेय (that [thing])
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
महित्वम्greatness; majesty
महित्वम्:
कर्म/विधेय (greatness as the stated fact)
TypeNoun (abstract)
Rootमहित्व (प्रातिपदिक; महत् → महि-त्व)
सद्यःimmediately; at once
सद्यः:
अधिकारण (कालाधिकरण: time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
यत्when; that which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध/कर्म (relative: ‘when/that which’)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जातःborn
जातः:
कर्तृ (of the action ‘drank’: ‘having been born’ = subject Indra)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Root√जन् (धातु) → जात (कृदन्त)
अपिबःyou drank
अपिबः:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पिबति)
सोमम्Soma (the pressed drink)
सोमम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
द्यावःthe heavens
द्यावः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
तवसःof (your) might
तवसः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun (abstract)
Rootतवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म/विधेय (that [measure/limit])
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ओजःstrength; vigor
ओजः:
कर्म/विधेय (strength as thing not reached)
TypeNoun
Rootओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
अहाःdays
अहाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
नnor
न:
निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
मासाःmonths
मासाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
शरदःautumns; years (seasons)
शरदः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशरद् (प्रातिपदिक)
वरन्तrestrain; hold back; limit
वरन्त:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते; ‘to restrain/ward off/enclose’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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