Rig Veda 3.1.20: Mandala 3, Sukta 1, Mantra 20
Sukta 3.1
Rishi: Viśvāmitra
Devata: Agni (Jātavedas)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एता ते अग्ने जनिमा सनानि प्र पूर्व्याय नूतनानि वोचम् । महान्ति वृष्णे सवना कृतेमा जन्मञ्जन्मन्निहितो जातवेदाः ॥
Transliteration
etā́ te agne jánimā sanā́ni prá pūrvyā́ya nū́tanāni vocam | mahā́nti vṛ́ṣṇe sávānā kṛtémā́ jánmañ janmanníhito jā́tavedāḥ ||
Translation
एतानि तेऽग्ने जनिमानि सनातनानि; प्र च पूर्व्याय नूतनानि वोचम्। महान्ति वृष्णे सवनानि कृते; जन्मञ्जन्मन्निहितो जातवेदाः॥
Word by Word
एताthese
एता:
कर्म (object of ‘वोचम्’)
TypePronoun (demonstrative)
Rootएतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
तेto you
ते:
सम्प्रदान (recipient)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (prātipadika)
जनिमाbirths; begettings
जनिमा:
कर्म (apposition to ‘एता’)
TypeNoun
Rootजनिमन् (prātipadika; from √जन्)
सनानिancient
सनानि:
विशेषण (of ‘जनिमा’)
TypeAdjective
Rootसन (prātipadika; ‘old, ancient’)
प्रforth; forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga/avyaya)
पूर्व्यायto the ancient (one)
पूर्व्याय:
सम्प्रदान (with ‘वोचम्’: ‘to/for the ancient one’)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व्य (prātipadika; ‘former, of old’)
नूतनानिnew (things)
नूतनानि:
कर्म (object of ‘वोचम्’)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootनूतन (prātipadika)
वोचम्I have spoken / I proclaim
वोचम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (dhātu)
महान्तिgreat
महान्ति:
कर्म (object of implied ‘(वोचम्)’ / apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (prātipadika)
वृष्णेto the bull/strong one
वृष्णे:
सम्प्रदान (for/to the mighty one)
TypeNoun/Epithet
Rootवृषन् (prātipadika; epithet of Agni/strong one)
सवनानिpressings; Soma-rites
सवनानि:
कर्म (things ‘made/arranged’)
TypeNoun
Rootसवन (prātipadika)
कृतेमाthese (are) made/prepared
कृतेमा:
कर्म (these made/arranged [rites])
TypeKṛdanta + Pronoun
Rootकृत (PPP from √कृ) + इमा (idam)
जन्मbirth
जन्म:
अव्ययीभाव-प्राय (distributive with repetition)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन् (prātipadika; from √जन्)
जन्मन्in (each) birth
जन्मन्:
अधिकरण (in each birth)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन् (prātipadika)
निहितःplaced; deposited
निहितः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (of ‘जातवेदाः’)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Rootनि-√धा (PPP: निहित)
जातवेदाःJātavedas (Agni), knower of births
जातवेदाः:
कर्तृ/विषय (subject)
TypeNoun (proper epithet)
Rootजातवेदस् (prātipadika; epithet of Agni)
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