Rig Veda 2.25.1: Mandala 2, Sukta 25, Mantra 1
Sukta 2.25
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional ascription)
Devata: Brahmaṇaspati (with Agni as invoked instrument)
Chandas: Jagatī (probable for RV 2.25 refrain structure; confirm by metrical count)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्धानो अग्निं वनवद्वनुष्यतः कृतब्रह्मा शूशुवद्रातहव्य इत् । जातेन जातमति स प्र सर्सृते यंयं युजं कृणुते ब्रह्मणस्पतिः ॥
Transliteration
índhāno agníṃ vanavad vanuṣyatáḥ kṛtá-brahmā śūśuvad rātá-havya ít | jāténa jātám áti sá prá sarsṛte yaṃ-yáṃ yújaṃ kṛṇuté bráhmaṇas-pátiḥ ||
Translation
अग्निमिन्धानः स वनुष्यतः कृते जयमावहति; कृतब्रह्मा शूशुवद्, रातहव्य इव भवति। जातेन जातमति स प्र सर्सृते; यं यं युजं कृणुते ब्रह्मणस्पतिः।
Word by Word
इन्धानःkindling, being kindled; blazing
इन्धानः:
कर्तृ (अग्निः/ब्रह्मणस्पतिः के विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootइन्ध् (धातु) / इन्धान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निम्Agni (fire)
अग्निम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
वनवत्like a forest; forest-like (abundantly)
वनवत्:
क्रियाविशेषण (रीतिवाचकः)
TypeAdjective (used predicatively)
Rootवनवत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वन’ + वत्)
वनुष्यतःof the desiring/striving (worshipper)
वनुष्यतः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Rootवनुष्यत् (प्रातिपदिक; √वन्/वनुष् ‘to desire, seek, win’ से)
कृतब्रह्माhaving performed/formed the sacred formulation (hymn/rite)
कृतब्रह्मा:
कर्तृ (स्तुतिकर्ता/यजमानः के विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootकृत (√कृ) + ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
शूशुवत्has strengthened; has made vigorous
शूशुवत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√शु/श्वि (शूशुव्—वेदिक परिपूर्ण/आवृत्त रूप)
रातहव्यःwhose oblation is given/offered
रातहव्यः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootरात (√रा ‘to give’) + हव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed; just
इत्:
सम्बन्ध/बलवर्धक (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात)
जातेनby what is born; with the born (power)
जातेन:
करण (means/instrument: ‘by/with what is born’)
TypeNoun/Participle used substantively
Rootजात (√जन्)
जातम्the born (one/thing)
जातम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Participle used substantively
Rootजात (√जन्)
अतिover; beyond
अति:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootअति
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
प्रforth; forward
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र
सर्सृतेmoves/flows forth; hastens
सर्सृते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सृ (सर्/सर्सृ—वेदिक आवृत्त/तीव्रगमन रूप)
यम्whom
यम्:
कर्म (यम्…युजम्—यः युजः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
यम्whom (each whom)
यम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
युजम्a yoked companion; ally
युजम्:
कर्म (यम्…युजम्)
TypeNoun
Rootयुज् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘yoke/companion/ally’)
कृणुतेmakes; fashions
कृणुते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
ब्रह्मणस्पतिःBrahmaṇaspati (Lord of sacred speech/prayer)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootब्रह्मणस् + पति (प्रातिपदिक; देवता-नाम)
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