Rig Veda 2.23.17: Mandala 2, Sukta 23, Mantra 17
Sukta 2.23
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Brahmaṇaspati
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विश्वेभ्यो हि त्वा भुवनेभ्यस्परि त्वष्टाजनत्साम्नःसाम्नः कविः । स ऋणचिदृणया ब्रह्मणस्पतिर्द्रुहो हन्ता मह ऋतस्य धर्तरि ॥
Transliteration
víśvebhyo hí tvā bhúvanebhyaḥ párí tváṣṭā́janat sāmnáḥ-sāmnaḥ kavíḥ | sá ṛṇácid ṛṇayā́ brahmaṇáspatir druhó hantā mahá ṛtásya dhártarí ||
Translation
विश्वेभ्यो हि त्वा भुवनेभ्यः परि त्वष्टा जनत्—साम्नः साम्नः कविः। स ऋणचिद् ऋणया ब्रह्मणस्पतिर्द्रुहो हन्ता मह ऋतस्य धर्तरि॥
Word by Word
विश्वेभ्यःfrom all (beings)
विश्वेभ्यः:
Apādāna (abl.)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
भुवनेभ्यःfrom the worlds
भुवनेभ्यः:
Apādāna (abl.)
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्परिapart (from), beyond
अस्परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस् + परि (निपात-समास/अव्यय)
त्वष्टाTvaṣṭṛ
त्वष्टा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (proper/deity)
Rootत्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक)
अजनत्begot, generated
अजनत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (जनँ)
साम्नःof the sāman (chant)
साम्नः:
Sambandha (gen.)
TypeNoun
Rootसामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
साम्नःof the sāman
साम्नः:
Sambandha (gen.)
TypeNoun
Rootसामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
कविःthe seer, poet
कविः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
ऋणचित्even (one) indebted
ऋणचित्:
—
TypeNoun + particle (indeclinable compound)
Rootऋण (प्रातिपदिक) + चित् (निपात)
ऋणयाwith debt, by indebtedness
ऋणया:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootऋण (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिःBrahmaṇaspati (Lord of prayer)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (deity)
Rootब्रह्मन् + पति (समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
द्रुहःthe hostile (ones), injurers
द्रुहः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुह् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘injury/hostility’, also ‘hostile one’)
हन्ताslayer
हन्ता:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeAgent noun
Root√हन् (हनँ) → हन्तृ (कृदन्त)
महत्greatly; a great (deed)
महत्:
Karma/Adverbial
TypeAdjective
Rootमह्/महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order)
ऋतस्य:
Sambandha (gen.)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
धर्तरिin/at the supporter; as supporter
धर्तरि:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun (agent) / locative epithet
Root√धृ (धृञ्) → धर्तृ (कृदन्त)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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