Rig Veda 2.11.18: Mandala 2, Sukta 11, Mantra 18
Sukta 2.11
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
धिष्वा शवः शूर येन वृत्रमवाभिनद्दानुमौर्णवाभम् । अपावृणोर्ज्योतिरार्याय नि सव्यतः सादि दस्युरिन्द्र ॥
Transliteration
dhíṣvā śávaḥ śūra yéna vṛtrám avā́bhinad dā́num aurṇavābhám | apā́vṛṇor jyótir ā́ryāya ní savyatáḥ sā́di dásyur indra ||
Translation
हे शूर इन्द्र, धिष्वा स्वशवः—येन त्वं वृत्रं दानुम् और्णवाभं च अवाभिनदः। आर्याय ज्योतिर् अपावृणोः; दस्युः सव्यतः नि सादि, हे इन्द्र।
Word by Word
धिष्वाput forth / assume (for thyself)
धिष्वा:
(predicate; governs object ‘शवः’)
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धि-; √धा) + स्वा (enclitic particle)
शवःstrength, might
शवः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (prātipadika)
शूरO hero
शूर:
(address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootशूर (prātipadika)
येनby which
येन:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootय (relative pronoun stem)
वृत्रम्Vṛtra (the obstructer)
वृत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (prātipadika)
अवdown, away
अव:
(verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (preverb)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
(verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (preverb)
अभिनदत्he smote/cleft
अभिनदत्:
(predicate; subject = Indra implied)
TypeVerb
Rootनद् (√नद् ‘to roar, resound’; in RV also ‘to smite/cleave’ with preverbs)
दानुम्Dānu (demonic/primeval being; also ‘stream’ in some contexts)
दानुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदानु (prātipadika)
और्णवाभम्the ‘spider-like’/‘descendant of Urṇavābha’ (name/epithet of a foe)
और्णवाभम्:
Karma (apposition to दानुम् / or additional object)
TypeNoun (proper/epithet)
Rootऔर्णवाभ (prātipadika; epithet/name)
अपaway, forth
अप:
(verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (preverb)
आवृणोःthou didst uncover/open
आवृणोः:
(predicate; subject = ‘thou’ = Indra)
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (√वृ ‘to cover/choose’; here with ā- ‘to uncover/open’ in Vedic usage)
ज्योतिःlight
ज्योतिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (prātipadika)
आर्यायfor the Ārya (noble one/people)
आर्याय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootआर्य (prātipadika)
निdown, into
नि:
(verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (preverb)
सव्यतःfrom the left (side)
सव्यतः:
Apādāna
TypeAdjective (ablatival adverbial)
Rootसव्य (prātipadika)
सादिsat down / sank / was laid low
सादि:
(predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootसद् (√सद् ‘to sit, settle, sink’)
दस्युःthe Dasyu (hostile foe)
दस्युः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (prātipadika)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
(address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (prātipadika)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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