Rig Veda 10.70.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 70, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.70
Rishi: Traditionally attributed to Vādhryaśva (continuation into RV 10.70 opening Agni-invocation)
Devata: Barhis (sacrificial seat) / ritual power that receives the gods; gods led by Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वि प्रथतां देवजुष्टं तिरश्चा दीर्घं द्राघ्मा सुरभि भूत्वस्मे । अहेळता मनसा देव बर्हिरिन्द्रज्येष्ठाँ उशतो यक्षि देवान् ॥
Transliteration
ví práthatāṃ devá-juṣṭaṃ tiraścā́ dīrgháṃ drāghmā́ surabhí bhūtv asmḗ | áheḷatā mánasā deva bárhir índra-jyeṣṭhān uśató yakṣi devā́n ||
Translation
वि प्रथतां देवजुष्टं तिरश्चा दीर्घं द्राघ्मा सुरभि भूत्वस्मे। अहेळता मनसा देव बर्हिरिन्द्रज्येष्ठानुशतो यक्षि देवान्॥
Word by Word
विapart, widely, forth
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि- (उपसर्ग) / √विच् (विभागे) (semantic prefix)
प्रथताम्let the two spread/extend
प्रथताम्:
Kartā (आज्ञा—कर्तृवाच्य)
TypeVerb
Root√प्रथ् (विस्तारे) / प्रथ (धातु)
देवजुष्टम्pleasing/approved by the gods
देवजुष्टम्:
Karma (of प्रथताम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootदेव-जुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक); जुष्ट < √जुष् (सेवने/प्रीतौ) क्त
तिरश्चाcrosswise, sideways
तिरश्चा:
Adhikaraṇa (directional/extent)
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial accusative) / Adjective
Rootतिरश्च्/तिर्यञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)
दीर्घम्long
दीर्घम्:
Karma (extent/object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
द्राघ्माlength, extension
द्राघ्मा:
Kartā (as subject/nominal predicate of the spreading)
TypeNoun
Rootद्राघ्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; from √दृंह्/√द्राघ् ‘to lengthen’—Vedic abstract)
सुरभिfragrant
सुरभि:
Karma/Predicative complement
TypeAdjective
Rootसुरभि (प्रातिपदिक)
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
— (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerbal derivative
Root√भू (सत्तायाम्)
अस्मेfor us
अस्मे:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अहेळताwithout anger, harmlessly
अहेळता:
Karaṇa (manner) / Adverbial instrument
TypeAdjective (instrumental) / Noun used adverbially
Rootअ-हेळ (प्रातिपदिक) / हेळा ‘wrath, harm’
मनसाwith (the) mind
मनसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
देवO god
देव:
— (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
बर्हिःthe sacred grass (barhis)
बर्हिः:
Kartā (addressed/treated as agent in the injunction)
TypeNoun
Rootबर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रज्येष्ठान्with Indra as the foremost
इन्द्रज्येष्ठान्:
Karma (qualifier of ‘देवान्’)
TypeAdjective
Rootइन्द्र-ज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; ज्येष्ठ ‘eldest, foremost’)
उशतःdesired, wished-for
उशतः:
Karma (qualifier of ‘देवान्’)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√उश् (कामायाम्/इच्छायाम्) / उशत् (वर्त. कृदन्त)
यक्षिworship/sacrifice to
यक्षि:
— (आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√यज् (देवपूजासंगतिकरणदानेषु) (वैदिक: यक्ष्-आदेश)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
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