Rig Veda 10.5.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 5, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.5
Rishi: Dīrghatamas Āucathya (traditional)
Devata: R̥ta / Rodasī (Heaven-Earth) as field of R̥ta
Chandas: Jagatī (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऋतस्य हि वर्तनयः सुजातमिषो वाजाय प्रदिवः सचन्ते । अधीवासं रोदसी वावसाने घृतैरन्नैर्वावृधाते मधूनाम् ॥
Transliteration
ṛtásya hí vartanáyaḥ su-jātám íṣo vājā́ya prá-divaḥ sácante | adhīvāsáṃ rodasī vāvásāne ghṛtáiḥ ánnair vāvṛdhāte mádhūnām ||
Translation
ऋतस्य हि वर्तनयः सुजातं प्रति प्रवर्तन्ते; इषः प्रदिवः सकाशाद् वाजाय बलसमृद्धये सचन्ते। अधीवासं रोदसी वावसाने घृतैः अन्नैश्च मधूनां मधुरैश्च वावृधाते।
Word by Word
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गतौ/ऋणोति) → ‘ऋत’ (स्थापित-नियम/सत्य)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
वर्तनयःpaths/courses
वर्तनयः:
कर्तृ (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्तन (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृत् (वर्तने) ‘turning/track’
सुजातम्well-born, nobly produced
सुजातम्:
कर्म (object, as qualifier)
TypeAdjective (past passive participle used adjectivally)
Rootसु-जात (कृदन्त/विशेषण) < √जन् (जनने) + उपसर्ग ‘सु’
मिषःnourishment, refreshment
मिषः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमिष्/मिष (प्रातिपदिक) ‘refreshment, food, nourishment’
वाजायfor (the gaining of) strength/prize
वाजाय:
सम्प्रदान (purpose/recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक) ‘prize, strength, (esp.) food/booty’
प्रदिवःof the fore/heavenly expanse
प्रदिवः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-दिव् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘fore-heaven, highest heaven’ (प्र + दिव्) अथवा ‘प्रदिव’
सचन्तेthey accompany/attach themselves
सचन्ते:
क्रिया (with कर्तृ = वर्तनयः)
TypeVerb
Root√सच् (समवाये/अनुगमने) ‘to accompany, to join’
अधीवासम्the dwelling/abode
अधीवासम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअधि-वास (प्रातिपदिक) ‘dwelling, abode; putting on/covering’ < √वस् (निवासे/आच्छादने) with अधि
रोदसीHeaven and Earth
रोदसी:
कर्म (as the pair affected/concerned)
TypeNoun (dual fixed pair)
Rootरोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक) ‘Heaven-and-Earth’
वावसानेshining/abiding (the two)
वावसाने:
विशेषण (qualifier)
TypeParticiple (present/active, Vedic) used adjectivally
Root√वस् (दीप्तौ/निवासे) with intensive/reduplicated stem वावस्; participial form
घृतैःwith ghee
घृतैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootघृत (प्रातिपदिक) ‘ghee, clarified butter’
अन्नैःwith foods
अन्नैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक) ‘food’
वावृधातेthe two grow/increase
वावृधाते:
क्रिया (कर्तृ = रोदसी)
TypeVerb
Root√वृध् (वर्धने) with intensive/reduplicated stem वावृध्
मधूनाम्of sweet drinks/honeys
मधूनाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘sweetness; honey; soma-sweet drink’
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