Rig Veda 10.29.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 29, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.29
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; confirm by metrical count)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कस्ते मद इन्द्र रन्त्यो भूद्दुरो गिरो अभ्युग्रो वि धाव । कद्वाहो अर्वागुप मा मनीषा आ त्वा शक्यामुपमं राधो अन्नैः ॥
Transliteration
kás te máda indra rántyo bhūd dúro gíro abhyùgro ví dhāva | kád vā́ho arvā́g úpa mā manīṣā́ ā́ tvā śakyām upamáṃ rā́dho annáiḥ ||
Translation
कस्ते मद इन्द्र रन्त्योऽभूत्, येन त्वम् उग्रो गिरा दुरोऽभि धावसि? कदा वाहोऽर्वाग् उप एष्यति? मम मनीषा समीपमागच्छतु—येनाहं त्वाम् उपमं राधोऽन्नैः सह उपगन्तुं शक्याम।
Word by Word
कःwho?
कः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) / कः (सर्वनाम)
तेof you, your
ते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (युष्मद्-सर्वनाम)
मदःintoxication, exhilaration (soma-rapture)
मदः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
(सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रन्त्यःdelighting, gladdening
रन्त्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootरन्ति (√रम् ‘to delight, enjoy’) → रन्त्य (कृदन्त/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
भूत्became, was
भूत्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू
दुरःhardly, with difficulty / far
दुरः:
(विशेषण-भावे)
TypeIndeclinable (prefix/adverbial)
Rootदुर् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + (अर्थतः ‘दूर/कठिन’)
गिरःsongs, hymns, utterances
गिरः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootगिर् (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
(उपसर्ग)
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootअभि
उग्रःfierce, mighty
उग्रः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, forth
वि:
(उपसर्ग)
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootवि
धावrun!, hasten!
धाव:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√धाव्
कद्when? how?
कद्:
(प्रश्नार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable/Interrogative particle
Rootकद् (किम्-प्रातिपदिक; निपातवत्)
वाहःthe bearer/vehicle (steed, chariot)
वाहः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवाह (प्रातिपदिक; √वह् ‘to carry’)
अर्वाक्hither, towards here
अर्वाक्:
(दिशा-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable (directional)
Rootअर्वाक् (अव्यय/दिक्शब्द)
उपnear, up to
उप:
(उपसर्ग)
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootउप
माme
मा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (1st pers. pronoun) → मा (एन्क्लिटिक)
मनीषाthought, insight, inspired intention
मनीषा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषा (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards, hither
आ:
(उपसर्ग)
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootआ
त्वाyou
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (2nd pers. pronoun)
शक्याम्may I be able
शक्याम्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√शक्
उपमम्best, most excellent (lit. ‘supreme/nearest comparison’)
उपमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउपम (प्रातिपदिक)
राधःbounty, gift, favor
राधः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अन्नैःwith foods/offerings
अन्नैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
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